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European Journal of Soil Biology, vol.57. The Influence of a Shrub-Based Intercropping System on the Soil Nematofauna when Growing Millet in Senegal [texte imprimé] / S Diakhaté, Auteur ; C Villenave, Auteur ; N.H. Diallo, Auteur ; A.O. Ba, Auteur ; D Djigal, Auteur ; Dominique Masse, Auteur ; Mbacké Sembène, Auteur ; L Chapuis-Lardy, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp.35-41: ill. Langues : Anglais ( eng) Catégories : | SCIENCES ET PRODUCTIONS VEGETALES
| Mots-clés : | Piliostigma Réticulatum, Pénnisetum Glaucum, Mil, Arbuste Glaucum, Arbuste Sahélien, Nématodes du Sol, Groupe Trophique, Indices Ecologiques | Index. décimale : | F080-Système et modes culture | Résumé : | Woody shrubs commonly co-exist with annual food crops in farmers’ fields throughout the Sahel.Management strategies that deliberately include the native shrub Piliostigma reticulatum in Senegalese cropping systems result in soil functioning enhancement that benefits to the associated cereal. The objective of this work was to evaluate shrub effect on soil nematode communities. Soil samples were collected from an experimental design where pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) was cultivated alone or with P. reticulatum stands and mulch. Soil nematofauna characteristics were determined and compared with results from soil under pure shrub stands and from bare soil. The analysis of soil nematofauna, characterized by the abundance of different trophic groups and related indices (MI, maturity index; EI and SI, enrichment and structure indices), allowed discrimination between treatments with or without shrub presence. The soil nematode community in millet cultivation was dominated by plant feeding nematodes, mainly from the Hoplolaimidae family, but their abundance decreased when P. reticulatum was associated to the cereal. The shrub also impacted other nematode trophic groups. The abundance of opportunistic bacterial feeders (mainly Cephalobidae) was increased in shrub treatments. Furtherresearch should explore consequences on cereal nutrition and nematicidal properties of P. reticulatum. |
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Journal of Arid Environments, vol.129. Soil microbial fonctional capacity and diversity in a millet-shrub intercropping system of semi-arid Senegal. [texte imprimé] / S Diakhaté, Auteur ; M. Gueye, Auteur ; T. Chevallier, Auteur ; N. H. Diallo, Auteur ; K Assigbetsé, Auteur ; J Abadie, Auteur ; M. Diouf, Auteur ; Dominique Masse, Auteur ; Mbacké Sembène, Auteur ; Ndèye Yacine Badiane Ndour, Auteur ; R.P. Dick, Auteur ; L Chapuis-Lardy, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - pp.71-29. Langues : Anglais ( eng) Catégories : | RESSOURCES NATURELLES ET ENVIRONNEMENT
| Mots-clés : | Activités enzymatiques du sol, fertilité du sol | Index. décimale : | P345-Biochimie du sol: litière du sol, décomposition ; humus | Résumé : | A few species of shrubs grow with dryland row crops in farmers’ fields throughout the Sahel and can significantly increase crop yield. The presence of shrub roots and litter inputs should have implications for soil nutrient pool sizes but there is limited information on the interactions of these shrubs with microbial communities involved in biogeochemical processes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the microbial composition and functional capacity of soil from the rooting zone of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) grown in the presence or absence of the shrub Piliostigma reticulatum in Senegal. Soil samples were collected from a long-term field study where millet was cultivated alone or intercropped with P. reticulatum with annual incorporation of coppiced shrub residues. Higher nutrient contents and distinct differences in microbial communities (DGGE profiles) were found between soils from beneath the canopy compared to soil outside the influence of shrubs. The catabolic response profile (MicroResp™) showed that the soil microbial community at both shrub and non-shrub sampling locations, metabolized a wide range of substrates. Trehalose that can work as a signaling molecule was more rapidly degraded in the rooting zone of millet growing in the presence of P. reticulatum over millet alone. Urease, arylsulfatase and dehydrogenase activities in the millet root zone soil were higher when intercropped with P. reticulatum which indicates enhanced potential of biogeochemical processes to proceed in the presence of this shrub. It is concluded that the native shrub P. reticulatum promotes a more diverse and active microbial community in the rooting zone of millet and further indicates greater potential to
perform decomposition and mineralize nutrients. |
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