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PV1700024 | P345- SAL | Article scientifique | LNRPV | Rayons | Exclu du prêt |
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European Journal of Soil Biology, vol.75. Effects of residue quality and soil mineral N on microbial activities and soil aggregation in a tropical sandy soil in Senegal [texte imprimé] / S. N. Sall, Auteur ; Dominique Masse, Auteur ; N. H. Diallo, Auteur ; Thierno M.B. Sow, Auteur ; E Hien, Auteur ; A Guissé, Auteur . - 2016 . - pp.62-69; ill. Langues : Anglais ( eng) Catégories : | RESSOURCES NATURELLES ET ENVIRONNEMENT
| Mots-clés : | Qualité des résidus, Minéral , agrégation , sol sableux | Index. décimale : | P332-Physique et mécanique du sol : propriétés physiques du sol ; mécanique et structure du sol | Résumé : | The role played by organic residues and exogenous mineral N in the formation of stable soil aggregates in nutrient-poor, tropical sandy soils of Senegal is relatively unclear. This study assessed the effect of two representative low and high quality residues (Zea mays and Crotalaria retusa respectively) on the formation and stability of soil aggregates. The formation and stability of aggregates, soil biomass, root biomass, fungal hyphae length, C mineralization and chitinase activity, as a specific biomarker of the activity of fungal populations, were measured under controlled conditions over 120 days. In both the
control and amended soils, there were more macroaggregates (>2000 mm) and mesoaggregates (250 e2000 mm) than microaggregates (50e250 mm and <50 mm). The formation of macroaggregates and stability (MWD) were not significantly affected by the quality of residues. Amendment with organic residues shifted the distribution of the aggregate fractions. The macroaggregates increased by 26% with crotalaria and by 35% with maize residues while mesoaggregates decreased by 18% with crotalaria and by 26% with maize residues and microaggregates decreased by 8% with crotalaria and by 9% with maize residues. This study also onfirmed that macroaggregates are formed from micro- and mesoaggregates. The total microbial biomass was significantly higher in soil amended with maize residues compared to oil with crotalaria residues and the control soil although the fungal hyphae length decreased when the soil was amended with either crop residue. Chitinase activity is the most pertinent indicator associated with acroaggregation stability. Adding mineral N (equivalent to 120 kg N ha1 as urea) to the residue increased microbial biomass and reduced fungal hyphae length but had no effect on macroaggregate formation and fungal activity. These observations suggested that, for short term incubation of soil amended with residues, fungal activity plays a greater role in aggregation in sandy soils than the fungal population density. |
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CT1900010 | P332-SAL | Article scientifique | CRA/Tamba | Dépot numérique | Exclu du prêt |
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PV1700029 | P352-SAL | Article scientifique | LNRPV | Rayons | Exclu du prêt |
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Open journal of soil science, vol.6. Response of Soil Microbial Properties to Long-Term Application of Organic and Inorganic Amendments in a Tropical Soil (Saria, Burkina Faso). [texte imprimé] / N. H. Diallo, Auteur ; K Assigbetsé, Auteur ; S. N. Sall, Auteur ; Dominique Masse, Auteur ; Bousso Bonzi, Auteur ; I. Ndoye, Auteur . - Delaware (USA) : Scientific Research Publishing Inc, 2016 . - pp. 21-33 ; ill. Langues : Anglais ( eng) Catégories : | RESSOURCES NATURELLES ET ENVIRONNEMENT
| Mots-clés : | Amendements organiques, Engrais minéraux, Biomasse microbienne, Activités des enzymes du sol, PCR-DGGE, Stades de développement des cultures, Lixisol | Index. décimale : | P354-Fertilisation du sol ; conditionneur du sol | Résumé : | Soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) activities and bacterial community structure were assessed in a long-term (26 years) experiment, at physiological stages of sorghum growth, comparing different management methods for organic (manure, straw residues) and inorganic (urea) amendments at the INERA field station in Saria (Burkina Faso). Annual application of manure led to the highest soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities. Investigations indicated that only microbial biomass and β-glucosidase activities were affected during the cropping season. Phosphatase and FDA enzyme activities did not depend on the crop development stages. The application of N fertilizer modified phosphatase and FDA enzyme activities, the activities being higher in soils amended with N fertilizer. The bacterial community structure was analyzed by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) targeting the eubacterial 16S rRNA gene. Cluster analysis of PCR-DGGE patterns showed two major clusters, the first containing the mineral fertilization and straw treatments and the second, the straw + urea, manure and manure + urea treatments. Sorghum grain yields were the highest for
manure treatments. In this long-term experiment, applying straw did not produce a better grain yield than that obtained in the un-amended plot. |
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