f . f~EPl.IBLI~tJE DU SENEGAL . - - - - - - -...
f
.
f~EPl.IBLI~tJE DU SENEGAL
. - - - - - - - - - -
MINISTERE DE LA RECHERCHE
SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE
2
---- --_.-._
I.NSTITUT SENEGALAIS DE RECt-lt:RCHEI;
*
A G R I C O L E S ( I . S . R . A . ) -
c
- - - - - - - - - -
LABORATOIRE NATIONAL DE L’ELEVAGt
ET DE RECHERCHES VETERINAIRES
.
DAKAR-HANN
PREDICTION EQUATION FOR ESTIMATING FEED VALUE
FROM THE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SOME CROP RESIDUES
AND AGRO INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCT
ARNAB WORKSHOP, ALEXANDRIA EGYPT
12 - 19 OCTOBRE 1985
BY Nd. MBAYE and Ch. SALL
REF. N” 101 /AL. NUT.
OCTOBRE 1985.
INTRODUCTION
Natural pastures and trop residue constitute with the agro industrial by
products the principale feed ressources in Senegal.
A by products inventory has been done in 1979 by MONCODIN and
TASCHER. Technical norms of their using are the fact of research working and
references revues (SALL, 1985 ; MBAYE, 198 ; SANSOUCY and EMERY, 1982).
Resultats obtained in Senegal are yet in exploitation. This present paper
is a summary of a part of the working which has been doing now.
We would like to present here only the results concerning groundnut and
cotton seed hulls which have been offered alone or those which are in an asso-
ciation with wealthest by products like : groundnut cake, cotton cake, branwheat
or maiie, brewers’dried grain, brewer tomate, molasses and low meal of rice.
OBJECTIVES
Studies have been concerned with by products chemical analysis, volontaries
intake quantities, dry matter digestibility (DMd) and nitrogen matter digestibility
(OMd).
Results obtained have allowed us to establish previous equations of intake
quantities and the nutritive value of various feeds.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
About ninety digestibility essays whose ten on cattle have been done.
Methods are classical : in vivo and in vitro (TILLEY et TERRY) digestibility,
determination of crude fiber (Weende) total nitrogen matter and minera1 matter
rates,
*.. /. . .
- 2
RESULTS
.
FEE0 VALUE.FOR GROUNDNUT HULLS AN0 COTTON SEED HULLS OFFERED
ALONE (Table 1)
.
Groundnut hulls and cotton seed hulls are caracterized by a higher rate of
fibre which is respectively 547 and 545 g/kg DM.
Cotton seed huils are however more digestible. DM is 40 p. 100 when it is
used only and 44 p. 100 when there is a minera1 complementary.:
The groundnut hulls has a DM digestibility which is 26 p. 100. However
groundnut hulls is more consumed : 47 g DM per kg P 0,75 rather than 0.05 for
the groundnut hulls which have a more highest rate of digestible nitrogen matter
(40 g per kg DM). This difference is the fact of kernal residues and skin pre-
sente.
Table 1 : Feed value of groundnut hulls and cotton seed hulls offered alone to sheeps
I
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
! Intake (g/kg DM)!
p.100
! g/kg DM ! UF
; g/kg Poy75!
! Trials
!
1
Drescription
!
!
!
!
!
number
!
!-
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! DM ! CF ! TNM ! DMd ! OMd ! DOM ! DNM !Energy !VDMI ! DOMI!
f
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
I
!
I
!
!
!
!
1
!
l
3
! Groundnut hulls
! 966 ! 547 ! 115*!
26 ! 27 ! 912 ! 41 ! 0.05 ! 47 ! 13 !
!
!
2
i Cotton seed hulls
; 963 ; 547 ; 60 ; 40 ; 41 f 400 ; -
; 0.29; 42f17 ;
!
l
!
!
I
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
* The hight nitrogen matter rate is caused by the kernel residues and skin presence.
LEGEND OF TABLES
DMd = dry matter digestibility
CF
= crude f i b e r
OMd = organic matter digestibility
OM = organic matter
DOM = digestible organic matter
TNM = total nitrogen matter
ONM = digestible nitrogen matter
NFE = nitrosen free extreact
UF = energy unit
F
= feces
WDMI = volontary dry matter intake
Ref = refused
DOMI = digestible organic matter intake
CH = Groundnut hull (incorporation rate
Mol
= molasses
(
-II-
-II-
WB
= wheat bran
(
-II-
-II-
- 3
ALIMENTARY VALUE FOR COMPLEMENTED GROUNDNUT HULLS
AND COTTON SEED HULLS
A series os essays with cattle and sheep has done with complemented rations
which are constituted essentially with groundnut hulls or cotton seed hulls.
Groundnut hulls incorporation rates affeas variously from 22 to 70 p.100 : those
for cotton seed hulls are include beetween .25 and 90 p. 100 of incorporation rate.
The ingestibility of rations which are constituted essentialty with groundnut
hulls reach 125 g DM per kg P0,75 if we have an incorporation rate of 38.5 p. 1 Of
at the equivalent incorporation rate (37 p. 100) rations which are constituted
essentially with cotton seed hulls have been ingested in proportion to 94 g DM/&
pot75 . This ingestibility corne after the evolution of crude fiber amount whose
optimum for a maximal ingestion is 320 g per kg (graphe 1) crude fiber per kg
DM (graphe 1). This evolution has n’t been verified with groundnut hulls.
Completed feeds which are the source of cotton seed hulls are more digesti-
ble
than those with groundnut hulls (59 p.100 against 47 p. 100).
Wheat bran and maize bran cari give groundnut hulls rations more digestible
(DMd between 46 and 55 p. 100) and more energetic (UF between 0.46 - 0.61).
Molasses and draff cari improve the consommation (107 DM/ha P”‘75).
Groundnut cake combined with molasses gives a higher rate of digestible
nitrogen matter (121 g per kg MS : tables 2 - 3).
Cotton seed hulls ration are more poor in digestible nitrogen matter for a
same complementation
; but there are more digestible and therefore more rich
in digestible organic matter and energy. However dry matter quantities intake
with groundnut hulls rations are more higher in spite this dry matter digesti-
*
bility which is relatively low.
Cotton seed hulls ration hawe an ingestion energy (expressed in digestible
organic matter intake DOMI) less higher but none significatisely for groundnut
hulls rations (46 against 44 g DOMI per kg P”‘75 n
4) if feeds are offered in
the intensive breeding whose objective is to reach higher performances.
. . . / . . .
Table 2 : Feed value of groundnut hulls rations complemented by agro industrial by products
.
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
Intake (g/kg DM)
!
p.100
!
g/kg DM
!
UF !
g/kg P','=
!
! Triais !
1
Principal concentrated
feed in the ration
i
!
!
,
!
!
number !
!
I
I
1
1
I
I
1
I
I
1
1
!
!
DM i CF I TNM I DMd
I OMd i DOM I DNM I Energy I
!
VDMI I
!
DOMI !
!
1
!
!
t
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
1
!
!
!
4
! Maize bran
!
!
955 !
355 !
104 ! 55 ! 56 !
540 ! 52
!
I
! 0.60 ! 93 ! 93 !
!
11
I Wheat bran
!
!
925 f
373 i
110
; 45
; 47
f
411 ; 62
f 0.46 ; 83 ; 39 f
!
7
! Brewers'dried grain + molasses
!
927 !
313 !
134 ! 45 ! 46 !
425 ! 75
! 0.46 !
!
107 ! 49 !
!
3
!
! Groundnut cake + molasses
!
!
924 f
390 ;
149
; 41
i 42
;
388 ;
121
f 0.26 f 83 * ; 34 ;
l
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
l
!
1
Table 3 : Feed value of cotton seed hulls rations complemented by agro industrial by products
!
,
!
1
l.
!
!
1
1
,
!
Intake (g/kg DM)
1
p.100
!
&a DM
!
UF
!
g/kg Po,75
! Triais !
!
!
!
!
I
!
Rations description
!
!
number !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
1
1
I
DM ! CF
! TNM
! DMd
! OMd ! DOM ! DNM
!
! Energy ! VDMI
! DOM1 !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
I
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
! Groundnut hulls 90 - Groundnut cake 10
!
! 965
! 475 !
123 ! 54 ! 55
! 532 ! 61 ! 0.53 ! 93 ! 37 !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
! Groundnut hulls 82 - Groundnut cake 10
!
!
I
!
!
!
!
1
!
1
1
!
! molasse 8
! 936
! 547 ! 84 ! 63 ! 62
! 580 ! 34
! 0.63 ! 61 ! 38 !
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
2
t Groundnut hulls 37
1
- Molasses 15. Wheat bran 30 i
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! Groundnut cake 6 - granicalcium 2 - Salt 1
! 921 ! 327 ! 96 ! 58 ! 59
!
!
! 542 < ! 46
! 0.58 ! 94 ! 54 !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
2
f Groundnut hull 25 - Wheat bran 27,5 - ground
!
f
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
I
!
!
!
! sorghum 25 - Groundnut cake 4 - Carbonate of
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
! lime
f 947 i
282
;
118
f 61
; 63
;
,
528 ; 21
f 0.66 ; 83 f 52 f
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
- 5
PREVISION OF RATIONS NUTRITIVE VALUE OF GROUNDNUT HULLS
COMPLEMENTED WITH AGRO INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCTS FROM THEIR
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ,
Parameters which have given prevision equations are illustrated in table 4.
Used data have been obtained during essays done in Dakar. Equations establi-
shed are simple (table 5) or multiple (table 6).
Simple equations y = ax + b are less precise as it is show in the correlation
coefficient and standard error but they are more easier to apply.
We cari see : - dry matter and organic matter digestibilities and also the
energetic value of the rations are negatively influenced by
the crude fiber rate
- food consumption
is influenced by groundnut incorporation
rate like the same before.
The more preciser relation is obtained beetween total nitrogen matter (x)
1
and digestible nitrogen matter (y) :
Y = 0.91 x - 45.39 ; r = 0.95 ; n = 30.
It is sure that we have n’t consider all susceptibles cases which cari be met
in the pratic. However resultats obtained cari be used like working elements for
futur homeworks and references for fieldwokers who haven’t always adequat
analysis means also the actes at a bibliography which allowed then a quick
decision.
CONCLUSION
Groundnut hulls and cotton seed hulls are included in a series of by pro-
a
ducts studied since lot of years in Senegal.
The interest cari be given .to these two by products in the fact that they
have been produced around the cities in the first part and in the second part
they constitute good concentrat.ed
feed supports.
. . . / . . . .
.
t
t
4
- 6
They cari used easier in dairy farm or in cattle fatterning if their avaiiabi-
lity is better.
In fact the principal problem of their utilization in Iivestock production
is there are like combustible in industries and oil mills.
1 .i
7
-
:
i c
‘i P :
L
a t
a
a T
:
I
L
- 8
4
Table 5 : Simple regression equations for nutritive prediction of
groundnut hulls rations complemented with agro industrial
by products.
!
!
!
!
! Standard
!
!
!
!Dependant variables!
!
! Independant variables I regression equations
!
(Y)
! error of
!Correlation f
!
'Data number !
estmate
!Coefficient !
!
!
I
!
1
!
!
1
!
I.
l
!
!
!
!
DMd (p.100)
i CF (g/kg DM)
;Y= - 0.06 x + 66.00
i
7.35 !
- 0.75 ! 30
!
!
DMd (p.100)
; CF (g/kg DM)
!Y = - 0.06 x + 67.21
!
!
!
7.60 ;
- 0.74 ; 30
!
!
!
UF ( /kg DM) ! CF (g/kg DM)
;Y= - 0.001 x + 0.810
!
0.19 !
- 0.68 ! 30
!
!
1
DNM (g/kg DM)
; TNM (g/kg DM)
0.91 x - 45.39
!
10.19 f
0.95 ; 30
!
!Y=
!
!
!
VDMI (g/kg DM) ! Grounbnut hull
! (p.100 of the ration) i y = oo61 ' + 113.88
i
15.13 !
- 0.75 ! 30
!
!
!
1
!
!Y=- 0,38 x + 65.86
, 10.81 ;
- 0.11 ; 30
!
!
DOM1 (g/kg DM) !
-II-
-II-
;Y= - 0.38 x + 65.86
!
10.81 !
- 0.71 ! 30
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Table 6 : Multiple regression equations for nutritive value prediction of groundnut hull ration
complemented with agro industrial by products.
!
Nutritive value !
i (dependent variable) !
Multiple regression equation
!
Standard error
! Multiple corréla- !
!
!
of estimate
! tion coefficient !
Data number !
!
!
!
l
1
!
t
t
t.
1
!
!
DMd =
! 1)
-
-
0.06 NFE 0.07 NFEF 0.08 CFF - 0.17 Ref + 68.13
!
4.72
!
0.92
1
30
!
!
; 2) - 0.04 UF - 0.03 CFF + 0.10 NM - 0.37 Ref - 17.06
!
t
5.68
!
0.88
!
t
30
!
t
!
!
!
! 3) - 0.06 CF - 0.11 OM - 0.41 Ref - 31.50
!
6.11
!
0.85
l
30
!
!
; 4) - 0.04 CF 0.04 75.29
-
+
CFF
!
6.82
!
I
0.80
!
!
1
30
!
!
!
!
1
1
.
1
.
I
!
!
DMd =
i 1)
0.06 NFE - 0.06 - 0.09
!
NFEF
CFF - 93.96
t
4.87
!
0.91
!
30
!
!
!
!
2) -
-
-
!
!
0.03 CF 0.03 CFF 0.45 mol - 0.35 Ref + 84.73
1
5.80
!
I
0.87
t
30
!!
!
! 3) - 0.04 CF - 0.04 + 76.32
CFF
!
6.83
!
0.79
'
!
30
!
!
l
1
l
t
!
!
t
!
!
t
!
WM
! 1)
0.66 NFE - 0.79 - 0.91
- 1.20 GH - 2.18 Ref + 83.99
!
44.92
!
0.81
t
30
!
!
;
NFEF
CFF
-
-
!
t
t
2)
0.31 CF 0.36 CFF + 710.46
!
67.17
!
0.77
!
t
!
30
t
! '
!
!
!
t
!
DNM
! 1)
0.88 NM - 0.44 CF - 24.49
!
!
8.50
l
0.97
!
t
30
!
!
!
!
t
!
!
!
I
t
.
.
t
!
!
!
UF
!
; 1)
0.001 NFE + 0.38
NMF - 0.638
!
0.15
!
0.82
I
30
!
l
!
!
t
2) - O.OOlCF + 0.003 NMF + 0.400
0.17
!
!
!
0.76
l
30
t
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
VDMI
! 1) - 0.44 GH - 0.58 Ref + 121.25
!
15.13
!
0.79
!
t
30
!
!
!
t
!
t
!
l
t.
t
t
!
!
DOM1
! 1)
0.06 NFE - 0.58 Ref + 20.16
!
7.70
!
0.87
i
30
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
C
l
- 10
.
B I B L I O G R A P H I E
MONGODIN (B) e t TASCHER (G.), 1979 - Les sous-produits agro-industriels
utilisables dans l’alimentation animale au Sénégal. I EMVT/Ministère de la Coopéra-
tion. France.
MBAYE (Nd.), 1982 - La problématique de l’élevage en Afrique de l’ouest :
l’alimentation du bétail, Dakar : LNERV. - 5 p.
SALL (Ch.), 1985 - Description et premiers résultats de quatre opérations de
recherche sur l’alimentation des ruminants domestiques au Sénégal.
3) Valeur alimentaire des rations à base de coques d’oléagineux : p. 41 - 50.
Mémoire de confirmation ISRA.
SANSOUCY (R.) et EMERY (B.) - Utilisation actuelle des résidus de récolte
et sous-produits agro-industriels en alimentation animale. FAO : Production
et santé animale (32) 5.
.
f~EPl.IBLI~tJE DU SENEGAL
. - - - - - - - - - -
MINISTERE DE LA RECHERCHE
SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE
2
---- --_.-._
I.NSTITUT SENEGALAIS DE RECt-lt:RCHEI;
*
A G R I C O L E S ( I . S . R . A . ) -
c
- - - - - - - - - -
LABORATOIRE NATIONAL DE L’ELEVAGt
ET DE RECHERCHES VETERINAIRES
.
DAKAR-HANN
PREDICTION EQUATION FOR ESTIMATING FEED VALUE
FROM THE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SOME CROP RESIDUES
AND AGRO INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCT
ARNAB WORKSHOP, ALEXANDRIA EGYPT
12 - 19 OCTOBRE 1985
BY Nd. MBAYE and Ch. SALL
REF. N” 101 /AL. NUT.
OCTOBRE 1985.
INTRODUCTION
Natural pastures and trop residue constitute with the agro industrial by
products the principale feed ressources in Senegal.
A by products inventory has been done in 1979 by MONCODIN and
TASCHER. Technical norms of their using are the fact of research working and
references revues (SALL, 1985 ; MBAYE, 198 ; SANSOUCY and EMERY, 1982).
Resultats obtained in Senegal are yet in exploitation. This present paper
is a summary of a part of the working which has been doing now.
We would like to present here only the results concerning groundnut and
cotton seed hulls which have been offered alone or those which are in an asso-
ciation with wealthest by products like : groundnut cake, cotton cake, branwheat
or maiie, brewers’dried grain, brewer tomate, molasses and low meal of rice.
OBJECTIVES
Studies have been concerned with by products chemical analysis, volontaries
intake quantities, dry matter digestibility (DMd) and nitrogen matter digestibility
(OMd).
Results obtained have allowed us to establish previous equations of intake
quantities and the nutritive value of various feeds.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
About ninety digestibility essays whose ten on cattle have been done.
Methods are classical : in vivo and in vitro (TILLEY et TERRY) digestibility,
determination of crude fiber (Weende) total nitrogen matter and minera1 matter
rates,
*.. /. . .
- 2
RESULTS
.
FEE0 VALUE.FOR GROUNDNUT HULLS AN0 COTTON SEED HULLS OFFERED
ALONE (Table 1)
.
Groundnut hulls and cotton seed hulls are caracterized by a higher rate of
fibre which is respectively 547 and 545 g/kg DM.
Cotton seed huils are however more digestible. DM is 40 p. 100 when it is
used only and 44 p. 100 when there is a minera1 complementary.:
The groundnut hulls has a DM digestibility which is 26 p. 100. However
groundnut hulls is more consumed : 47 g DM per kg P 0,75 rather than 0.05 for
the groundnut hulls which have a more highest rate of digestible nitrogen matter
(40 g per kg DM). This difference is the fact of kernal residues and skin pre-
sente.
Table 1 : Feed value of groundnut hulls and cotton seed hulls offered alone to sheeps
I
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
! Intake (g/kg DM)!
p.100
! g/kg DM ! UF
; g/kg Poy75!
! Trials
!
1
Drescription
!
!
!
!
!
number
!
!-
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! DM ! CF ! TNM ! DMd ! OMd ! DOM ! DNM !Energy !VDMI ! DOMI!
f
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
I
!
I
!
!
!
!
1
!
l
3
! Groundnut hulls
! 966 ! 547 ! 115*!
26 ! 27 ! 912 ! 41 ! 0.05 ! 47 ! 13 !
!
!
2
i Cotton seed hulls
; 963 ; 547 ; 60 ; 40 ; 41 f 400 ; -
; 0.29; 42f17 ;
!
l
!
!
I
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
* The hight nitrogen matter rate is caused by the kernel residues and skin presence.
LEGEND OF TABLES
DMd = dry matter digestibility
CF
= crude f i b e r
OMd = organic matter digestibility
OM = organic matter
DOM = digestible organic matter
TNM = total nitrogen matter
ONM = digestible nitrogen matter
NFE = nitrosen free extreact
UF = energy unit
F
= feces
WDMI = volontary dry matter intake
Ref = refused
DOMI = digestible organic matter intake
CH = Groundnut hull (incorporation rate
Mol
= molasses
(
-II-
-II-
WB
= wheat bran
(
-II-
-II-
- 3
ALIMENTARY VALUE FOR COMPLEMENTED GROUNDNUT HULLS
AND COTTON SEED HULLS
A series os essays with cattle and sheep has done with complemented rations
which are constituted essentially with groundnut hulls or cotton seed hulls.
Groundnut hulls incorporation rates affeas variously from 22 to 70 p.100 : those
for cotton seed hulls are include beetween .25 and 90 p. 100 of incorporation rate.
The ingestibility of rations which are constituted essentialty with groundnut
hulls reach 125 g DM per kg P0,75 if we have an incorporation rate of 38.5 p. 1 Of
at the equivalent incorporation rate (37 p. 100) rations which are constituted
essentially with cotton seed hulls have been ingested in proportion to 94 g DM/&
pot75 . This ingestibility corne after the evolution of crude fiber amount whose
optimum for a maximal ingestion is 320 g per kg (graphe 1) crude fiber per kg
DM (graphe 1). This evolution has n’t been verified with groundnut hulls.
Completed feeds which are the source of cotton seed hulls are more digesti-
ble
than those with groundnut hulls (59 p.100 against 47 p. 100).
Wheat bran and maize bran cari give groundnut hulls rations more digestible
(DMd between 46 and 55 p. 100) and more energetic (UF between 0.46 - 0.61).
Molasses and draff cari improve the consommation (107 DM/ha P”‘75).
Groundnut cake combined with molasses gives a higher rate of digestible
nitrogen matter (121 g per kg MS : tables 2 - 3).
Cotton seed hulls ration are more poor in digestible nitrogen matter for a
same complementation
; but there are more digestible and therefore more rich
in digestible organic matter and energy. However dry matter quantities intake
with groundnut hulls rations are more higher in spite this dry matter digesti-
*
bility which is relatively low.
Cotton seed hulls ration hawe an ingestion energy (expressed in digestible
organic matter intake DOMI) less higher but none significatisely for groundnut
hulls rations (46 against 44 g DOMI per kg P”‘75 n
4) if feeds are offered in
the intensive breeding whose objective is to reach higher performances.
. . . / . . .
Table 2 : Feed value of groundnut hulls rations complemented by agro industrial by products
.
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
Intake (g/kg DM)
!
p.100
!
g/kg DM
!
UF !
g/kg P','=
!
! Triais !
1
Principal concentrated
feed in the ration
i
!
!
,
!
!
number !
!
I
I
1
1
I
I
1
I
I
1
1
!
!
DM i CF I TNM I DMd
I OMd i DOM I DNM I Energy I
!
VDMI I
!
DOMI !
!
1
!
!
t
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
1
!
!
!
4
! Maize bran
!
!
955 !
355 !
104 ! 55 ! 56 !
540 ! 52
!
I
! 0.60 ! 93 ! 93 !
!
11
I Wheat bran
!
!
925 f
373 i
110
; 45
; 47
f
411 ; 62
f 0.46 ; 83 ; 39 f
!
7
! Brewers'dried grain + molasses
!
927 !
313 !
134 ! 45 ! 46 !
425 ! 75
! 0.46 !
!
107 ! 49 !
!
3
!
! Groundnut cake + molasses
!
!
924 f
390 ;
149
; 41
i 42
;
388 ;
121
f 0.26 f 83 * ; 34 ;
l
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
l
!
1
Table 3 : Feed value of cotton seed hulls rations complemented by agro industrial by products
!
,
!
1
l.
!
!
1
1
,
!
Intake (g/kg DM)
1
p.100
!
&a DM
!
UF
!
g/kg Po,75
! Triais !
!
!
!
!
I
!
Rations description
!
!
number !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
1
1
I
DM ! CF
! TNM
! DMd
! OMd ! DOM ! DNM
!
! Energy ! VDMI
! DOM1 !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
I
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
! Groundnut hulls 90 - Groundnut cake 10
!
! 965
! 475 !
123 ! 54 ! 55
! 532 ! 61 ! 0.53 ! 93 ! 37 !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
! Groundnut hulls 82 - Groundnut cake 10
!
!
I
!
!
!
!
1
!
1
1
!
! molasse 8
! 936
! 547 ! 84 ! 63 ! 62
! 580 ! 34
! 0.63 ! 61 ! 38 !
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
2
t Groundnut hulls 37
1
- Molasses 15. Wheat bran 30 i
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! Groundnut cake 6 - granicalcium 2 - Salt 1
! 921 ! 327 ! 96 ! 58 ! 59
!
!
! 542 < ! 46
! 0.58 ! 94 ! 54 !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
2
f Groundnut hull 25 - Wheat bran 27,5 - ground
!
f
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
I
!
!
!
! sorghum 25 - Groundnut cake 4 - Carbonate of
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
! lime
f 947 i
282
;
118
f 61
; 63
;
,
528 ; 21
f 0.66 ; 83 f 52 f
!
!
!
!
1
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
- 5
PREVISION OF RATIONS NUTRITIVE VALUE OF GROUNDNUT HULLS
COMPLEMENTED WITH AGRO INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCTS FROM THEIR
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ,
Parameters which have given prevision equations are illustrated in table 4.
Used data have been obtained during essays done in Dakar. Equations establi-
shed are simple (table 5) or multiple (table 6).
Simple equations y = ax + b are less precise as it is show in the correlation
coefficient and standard error but they are more easier to apply.
We cari see : - dry matter and organic matter digestibilities and also the
energetic value of the rations are negatively influenced by
the crude fiber rate
- food consumption
is influenced by groundnut incorporation
rate like the same before.
The more preciser relation is obtained beetween total nitrogen matter (x)
1
and digestible nitrogen matter (y) :
Y = 0.91 x - 45.39 ; r = 0.95 ; n = 30.
It is sure that we have n’t consider all susceptibles cases which cari be met
in the pratic. However resultats obtained cari be used like working elements for
futur homeworks and references for fieldwokers who haven’t always adequat
analysis means also the actes at a bibliography which allowed then a quick
decision.
CONCLUSION
Groundnut hulls and cotton seed hulls are included in a series of by pro-
a
ducts studied since lot of years in Senegal.
The interest cari be given .to these two by products in the fact that they
have been produced around the cities in the first part and in the second part
they constitute good concentrat.ed
feed supports.
. . . / . . . .
.
t
t
4
- 6
They cari used easier in dairy farm or in cattle fatterning if their avaiiabi-
lity is better.
In fact the principal problem of their utilization in Iivestock production
is there are like combustible in industries and oil mills.
1 .i
7
-
:
i c
‘i P :
L
a t
a
a T
:
I
L
- 8
4
Table 5 : Simple regression equations for nutritive prediction of
groundnut hulls rations complemented with agro industrial
by products.
!
!
!
!
! Standard
!
!
!
!Dependant variables!
!
! Independant variables I regression equations
!
(Y)
! error of
!Correlation f
!
'Data number !
estmate
!Coefficient !
!
!
I
!
1
!
!
1
!
I.
l
!
!
!
!
DMd (p.100)
i CF (g/kg DM)
;Y= - 0.06 x + 66.00
i
7.35 !
- 0.75 ! 30
!
!
DMd (p.100)
; CF (g/kg DM)
!Y = - 0.06 x + 67.21
!
!
!
7.60 ;
- 0.74 ; 30
!
!
!
UF ( /kg DM) ! CF (g/kg DM)
;Y= - 0.001 x + 0.810
!
0.19 !
- 0.68 ! 30
!
!
1
DNM (g/kg DM)
; TNM (g/kg DM)
0.91 x - 45.39
!
10.19 f
0.95 ; 30
!
!Y=
!
!
!
VDMI (g/kg DM) ! Grounbnut hull
! (p.100 of the ration) i y = oo61 ' + 113.88
i
15.13 !
- 0.75 ! 30
!
!
!
1
!
!Y=- 0,38 x + 65.86
, 10.81 ;
- 0.11 ; 30
!
!
DOM1 (g/kg DM) !
-II-
-II-
;Y= - 0.38 x + 65.86
!
10.81 !
- 0.71 ! 30
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Table 6 : Multiple regression equations for nutritive value prediction of groundnut hull ration
complemented with agro industrial by products.
!
Nutritive value !
i (dependent variable) !
Multiple regression equation
!
Standard error
! Multiple corréla- !
!
!
of estimate
! tion coefficient !
Data number !
!
!
!
l
1
!
t
t
t.
1
!
!
DMd =
! 1)
-
-
0.06 NFE 0.07 NFEF 0.08 CFF - 0.17 Ref + 68.13
!
4.72
!
0.92
1
30
!
!
; 2) - 0.04 UF - 0.03 CFF + 0.10 NM - 0.37 Ref - 17.06
!
t
5.68
!
0.88
!
t
30
!
t
!
!
!
! 3) - 0.06 CF - 0.11 OM - 0.41 Ref - 31.50
!
6.11
!
0.85
l
30
!
!
; 4) - 0.04 CF 0.04 75.29
-
+
CFF
!
6.82
!
I
0.80
!
!
1
30
!
!
!
!
1
1
.
1
.
I
!
!
DMd =
i 1)
0.06 NFE - 0.06 - 0.09
!
NFEF
CFF - 93.96
t
4.87
!
0.91
!
30
!
!
!
!
2) -
-
-
!
!
0.03 CF 0.03 CFF 0.45 mol - 0.35 Ref + 84.73
1
5.80
!
I
0.87
t
30
!!
!
! 3) - 0.04 CF - 0.04 + 76.32
CFF
!
6.83
!
0.79
'
!
30
!
!
l
1
l
t
!
!
t
!
!
t
!
WM
! 1)
0.66 NFE - 0.79 - 0.91
- 1.20 GH - 2.18 Ref + 83.99
!
44.92
!
0.81
t
30
!
!
;
NFEF
CFF
-
-
!
t
t
2)
0.31 CF 0.36 CFF + 710.46
!
67.17
!
0.77
!
t
!
30
t
! '
!
!
!
t
!
DNM
! 1)
0.88 NM - 0.44 CF - 24.49
!
!
8.50
l
0.97
!
t
30
!
!
!
!
t
!
!
!
I
t
.
.
t
!
!
!
UF
!
; 1)
0.001 NFE + 0.38
NMF - 0.638
!
0.15
!
0.82
I
30
!
l
!
!
t
2) - O.OOlCF + 0.003 NMF + 0.400
0.17
!
!
!
0.76
l
30
t
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
VDMI
! 1) - 0.44 GH - 0.58 Ref + 121.25
!
15.13
!
0.79
!
t
30
!
!
!
t
!
t
!
l
t.
t
t
!
!
DOM1
! 1)
0.06 NFE - 0.58 Ref + 20.16
!
7.70
!
0.87
i
30
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
C
l
- 10
.
B I B L I O G R A P H I E
MONGODIN (B) e t TASCHER (G.), 1979 - Les sous-produits agro-industriels
utilisables dans l’alimentation animale au Sénégal. I EMVT/Ministère de la Coopéra-
tion. France.
MBAYE (Nd.), 1982 - La problématique de l’élevage en Afrique de l’ouest :
l’alimentation du bétail, Dakar : LNERV. - 5 p.
SALL (Ch.), 1985 - Description et premiers résultats de quatre opérations de
recherche sur l’alimentation des ruminants domestiques au Sénégal.
3) Valeur alimentaire des rations à base de coques d’oléagineux : p. 41 - 50.
Mémoire de confirmation ISRA.
SANSOUCY (R.) et EMERY (B.) - Utilisation actuelle des résidus de récolte
et sous-produits agro-industriels en alimentation animale. FAO : Production
et santé animale (32) 5.