République du Sénégal Ministère de...
République du Sénégal
Ministère de l’Agriculture
ISRA / Fleuve
@APPORT ANALYTIQUE 1995
Effe;ts du Sel sur la Culture de
l’Oign&: Expériences sur le Pusa red
Dr Diikye Moustapha
Financement IDA
Travail réalisé avec les conseils de Dr J. P. Ndiaye, J. Pa@s & l’assistance technique de A. Fall,
A. Dramé & M. Sonko.
ï’able des Matières
3. (‘onclwion -
._.._ ._.. -_ _..-.. -.- --------.-. .---------
.-. . . .-- 1:J
:i
Liste des Tableaux, Figures & Annexes
,, - --_-..--.. _---__~-_--~ __--
/
---.- -_- \\
d ‘\\/
3. Nt-d tats et di.scussj.rms
l- -.-_--
---_-~-----
-
-
-
-
-
-
.--
I’!Io!o 1. I~IC~ls du ht’1 C-III I<I vdriCIé PI~S~ wd
s --
-
”
i
3
i
0.:10
‘7
/
I I .‘53
Xl>
10
0
<>
O 80
0
0
8
B
a
zoo 00
8
0
0
8
;
8
8
00
Orn
0 2 4 6 8
10 12
0
2
4
6
8
1 0
12
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
89,
0
88
0
8
:
go
0
oo
0
8
0
87
o”soEj
s
0
87
o”soEj
86
8,'o
8,“o
i2
'
0
"
8
85
go 8:”
8
8 5 ,
Oo
610 0
”
0
0
8
84
00 0
1
3
5
7
9
1 1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
CE moyenne du soi (mS/cm)
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
40
0
1.8
3
0
F
2 1.6
B 351
0
f
0
0
0
0
$ 1 . 4 ;
e 30:
00
-5
o 8
0
-5
.c
.c
i! 2%
25:
0
ep 8
8
O
i!
w 2%
+-5
%
‘5 151
0; &
t
8
8x’x,c(o
8
‘5 151
O'\\
?
8 '
; 10=
e
8
00
5j,,, ,,,,,,, ,,, ,,, ,,‘,
1 3 5 7 9 11
0
2
2 4
6
6 8
10 12
CE moyenne du soi (mS/cm)
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
Figure 2. Relation entre la salinité du sol et le dbveloppement morphologique de l’oignon
11
UIW tendance à l’accumulation du Mg et du Na dans les bulbes avec
l’augmentation du niveau de salinité du sol est décrite $alement par les
mudèles.
II en est de même que pour le Na, et il semble que l’accumulation du
Na soit plus linéaire que celle du Mg, avec la valeur du paramètre a, proche
de l’unité. Cela pourrait traduire probablement sur le plan physiologique, une
absorption plus passive du Na par simple diffusion, proportionnellement à la
concentration en sel du sol.
Certaines hypothèses dont la vérification interpelle les chercheurs en
physiologie végétale, peuvent être avancées pour expliquer cette faible
accumulation du K dans les bulbes:
1) Il y’a eu une absorption racinaire compétitive du K et du Na apportés en
excès avec le NaCl;
2) l’entrée passive du Na a induit une sortie active du K des tissus des plantes
traitées.
‘Tableau 5: Calcul des paramètres des modèles pour la composition minérale des bulbes
____________________________________
_____----_________---------------------------------------------------------------------
1
’ 3 bles dépendantes
a0
a1
a2
_--_---- .----.____-___-______--___-----------------------------------------------------------------------~-----------------
? ieur en K
-0.20
3.78
0.12
!
‘Teneur en Na
-----
0.28
\\
1.27
‘Teneur en Ca
-----
1.14
0.21
‘Teneur en Mg
-----
0.38
0.24
_ ________________________________________------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
La tendance à l’accumulation du Mg avec l’augmentation de la salinité
du sol pourrait être associée à un besoin pour la plante de réajuster la
pression osmotique du milieu intérieur de la plante, en augmentant sa force
ionique.
Les espèces ioniques divalents développent en effet à concentration
égale avec les monovalents, une force ionique plus importante.
12
3 -
5.57
0
'ijp
z
51
0
z
g 4.5-
0
0
0
E
00
0
Y
4-
8
00
0 0
0
f
3 3.52
2
I-
3 -
-
0
2.5$,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,~, 0
Of-
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1
1
3
5 7 9 11
CE moyenne du soi (mS/cm)
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
0.9-
0
0
0.3.~
1
3
5 7 9
11
13 5 7 9 11
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
Figure 3. Relation entre la salinité du sol et la composition minérale des bulbes d’oignons
Il est généralement admis dans la littérature qu’une bonne nutrition
potassique augmente la résistance des cultures à la sécheresse et à la verse
(KEKKMAN et A, IWO) et on peut penser que son déficit dans les plantes d’oignon
puis’, 2 probablement contribuer aux manifestations de sécheresse hydrique
observées sur les échantillons traités, ceci parallèlement aux phénomènes
osmotiques associés à l’excès de sel dans le sol. Il serait interessant d’étudier le
r$le de la fumure potassique et magnésienne sur l’amélioration de la tolérance
f i * l’oignon à la salinité et la sodicité des sols.
La sélection de variétés tolérantes devrait conséquemment tenir
compte parallèlement à la capacité des plantes à tolérer l’excès de sel dans le
sol, mais également à leur capacité à tolérer les effets spécifiques défavorables
de certains ions tels que le Na+ et leur capacité B accumuler du K+ à partir de
la solution du sol.
1 3
4. Conclusion
La salinité du sol provoque des effets dépressifs sur la culture de la
variété d’oignon PUS~ red, avec une diminution significative de la masse des
bulbes, des feuilles et des racines. Ces effets dépressifs sont accompagnes par
une diminution de l’accumulation du potassium et une augmentation du
sodium et du magnésium retenus au niveau des bulbes. Les conditions
d’expérimentation n’ont pas permis d’identifier la part de variation du taux
d’humidité des parties aériennes de la plante, associée à la présence de sel
dans le sol. Au niveau des racines par contre, la diminution du taux
d’humidité est manifeste avec l’augmentation de la salinité du’sol.
Une comparaison du comportement des variétés d’oignons cultivées
dans la vallée, face g la salinité du sol nous aurait permis d’indiquer les
variétés les plus tolérantes pour un seuil de salinité donné. Pour une variété
donnée, la détermination d’un seuil de salinité agronomiquement acceptable
serait un outil indispensable dans les opérations d’amélioration foncière des
sols salés.
5. Références bibliographiques
Backman 0. C., 0. Kaarstad, 0. H. Lie, & I. Richards. 1990. Agriculture et
Fertilisation. Les engrais - leur avenir. Div. Agric., Norsk Hydre a.s, Oslo,
Norvège. pp. 258.
Dièye M. 1994. Contribution à la caractérisation et à la recherche de
techniques d’amélioration des “sols salés” dans le Delta et la Vallée du fleuve
Sene:;al. TSRA, DRCSI. Mémoire de titularisation. pp. 90.
Hubert De Bon, F. FranCois & J. Pages. 1991. Opération phytotechnie.
Programme Cultures Maraichères ISRA/CIO. Rapport Analytique des
t:nvaux de 1990. pp. 116.
An ticxc 1: Statistiques
YOU A R E I N STATS M O D U L E
T H E FOLLOWING R E S U L T S A R E FUR:
CATEGO
=
1.000
TOTAL iJPSERVRT’I ONS :
1 1
PULBES
F E U I L L E S
RACINES
ti c3F C A S E S
11
11
11
MEAN
‘21) 344
0.927
0.436
STRNL7ARD DEV
G35
0.275
0.137
THE FULLOW I NG RESULTS ARE FOR:
CHTEGO
=
2.0017
TOTRL OBSERURT~I ONS :
1 1
BULBES
FEUILLES
RAC I NES
N CIF C A S E S
il
11
11
NERN
36 < 233
1 .394
0.933
STRNDHRD CIEV
5 . 4 1 5
0.521
0 . 2 7 3
TIiE FCILLOW I NC; RESULTS ARE FOR :
CATEGO
=
3.üüü
TOTrlL OBSERVAT I ÜNS :
1 1
BULBES
F E U I L L E S
RRC I NES
N ÜF C A S E S
11
11
11
MEAN
38.161
1.141
ci. 384
STRNDARD DEtJ
4.943
ü.287
0.371
THE FÜLLÜW l NG RESULTS ARE FOR:
CAT@ü
=
4.üüü
!
TOTAL OBSERVAT ‘1 ÜNS :
1 1
BULBES
FEU I LLES
RAC I NES
N OF C A S E S
11
11
11
MEAN
29.461
1.244
ü.688
STANDARD DEV
6 . 1 1 9
ü . 4 2 1
0. 10s
THE FÜLLOW I NG fi3ESULTS ARE FOR:
CRT&ü
=
5.üüü
TOTAL ÜPSERVRT i ÜNS :
11
BULBES
FEU I LLES
RAC I NES
N ÜF CHSES
11
11
11
MIXN
33.22;
1.333
0.724
STÏ‘.IJDÏil7@ @EI!
5.487
0.474
0.112
T H E FüLLüW I NC; RESULTS RRE FüR:
CRTl%ü
=
6.000
TOTHL ÜBSERUAT j ONS :
1 1
BULBES
FEU I LLES
RACINES
N OF CASES
11
11
11
MEAN
25,654
0.814
0,651
STANDARD L3EL.J
4.363
0.432
cf.260
THE FoLLüW I NI: QESULTS A R E FüR:
CAT@O
=
7.üüo
TOTAL üESER’,JAT I ON3 :
1 1
BULGES
F E U I L L E S
RAC I NES
N OF CASES
11
11
MEAN
17. 172
0.944
0.4~
STRNDRRD DEV
6.5W
0 . 2 4 2
ü. 1 4 2
15
THE FOLLOb I NG RESULTS ARE FOR:
CFISiEGO
=
3 . 0 0 0
‘K~TRL OBSERWYI’ I ONS :
1 1
BULBES
FEU I LLES
RAC INES
N OF CASES
11
11
Ii
MEtVl
1 3 . 5 5 6
1.004
11.477
STRNDARD OElJ
2 . 3 4 6
0 . 3 6 0
0 . 1 2 7
SUMMI?RC~’ STHT t ST t CS FOR
BULBES
Bt-iRTLETT TEST ‘FOR HOMOGENE t TITI OF GROUP VAR I ANCES
CH I -SQUARE =
1 5 . 4 4 2 DF=
7 PFdBA6lL t TV =
.0:3 1
HNALb’SIS OF VAR t ANCE
\\
SOURCE
S U M O F S Q U A R E S DF MEAN SQUHRE
F
PROBABILITY
E:ETI IEEN GROUPS
6367.113
7
909 * 58s
2 6 . 4 7 1
0
l:ll7c7
1.1 l Ttt I tq C;ROUPS
2 7 4 8 . 9 5 7
8 0
3 4 . 3 6 2
MEC.tMAN-KEULS MULT t PLE COMPAR I SONS
W@ERED MEANS B I F F E R R T ALFHH =
,050 t F THEY EXCEEB FÜLLOIJ I NG GAFS
GAP ORlIER
DIFFERENCE
1
4 . 9 7 6
2
5.971
3
6 . 5 6 0
4
6 . 9 7 8
5
7 . 3 0 1
6
7 . 5 6 2
7
7 . 7 8 1
THt S TEST ASSljMES THE COUNTS F E R G R O U F A R E EQUAL
SUMMAE’s~ STAT t ?jT t CS FOR FEU t LLES
Bt-tRTLETT TEST FOR HOMOGENEITV OF GROUF VARtANCES
CH t -SQUARE =
9 . 1 3 4 BF=
7 FROBABtLtTY = , 1’25
ANALYS I S OF VAR t ANCE
SOURCE
s u r i O F SQUARES BF MEAN S Q U A R E
F
FROBREILITY
EETLlK3 GROUP!;
3.402
7
0 . 4 8 6
.,
3. .>.y.- ILL
l~l~cr
t4 1 Tti I t.1 GEOUFS
12.069
FI0
0.151
IIEt.lMAN-KEULS MULT t FLE COMFAR t SONS
ORDERED MEHNS ‘D I FFER AT ALPHA =
. 050 I F THE+ EXCEED FOLLOW l NG GAFS
I ‘iF ORDER
DIFFERENCE
1
0 . 3 3 0
2
0 . 3 %
.-
0 . 4 3 5
:
0 . 4 6 2
5
0 . 4 8 4
et
0 . 5 0 1
7
0 . 5 1 6
7H IS TEST ASSUMES THE COUNTS PER GROUF HRE EQIJRL
SUMMARY STAT t ?/T I CS FOR
RAC t NES
BRRTLETT TEST FOR HOMOGENEITV OF GROUF UARIANCES
I; H I -SQUARE =
‘XI
+- 590
.-- DF=
7 FROBABILIT’r’ = 0.000
ANAL% I S OF VAR I RNCESOURCE
:yJp,
C7F SC$~HRES DF tIEAN S9UARE
F
FRfX3APILITY
BETI-JEEN GROUFS
:~.pggl
7
0.443
Q r)OT
- &C*a
I:l lJl:lo
1.1 I TH I N GROUFS
3.815 80
0.048
tX3#1AN-KEULS PlULT I FLE COMFAR I SONS
ORDERED MEANS CI IFFER R T HLPHA =
,032 I
F
THEY EXCEEII FOLLOWI NG GAF’S
i;i-lr Qri@Eri
DIFFERENCE
1
0 . 1 8 5
2
0 . 2 2 2
,q
ù.244
ri
0.260
5
0.272
6
0.2132
7
0.290
l-HI5 T E S T RSSUMES T H E COUNTS FER GROUF FIRE EQJAL
THE FOLLOW I NG :RESULTS ARE FOR :
TRT =
1.cioo
TOTRL OBSERVAB l ONS :
11
c a
MG
N A
N OF CASES
i l
11
11
MEAN
ù.906
0.456
0.377
STANDARD DE’.,/
0.442
0.083
0.118
THE FOLLOW I NG ,RESULTS ARE FOR :
TRT =
2 . 0 0 0
TOTHL CG3SERUATIONS: 1
1CH
MG
N C7F CHSES
11
11
MEAN
1 ,323
0.466
STANDARD DEU
0.396
0,071
THE Fc)LLOW I NG :RE.SULTS ARE FOR :
TRT =
3.ù##
Tc7TAL
OBSERVAfIONS:
ilCH
MG
ria
N OF CASES
il
11
MEt-IV
1.341
c7.466
j 1;::
?Tj'l
.-
I[Y-IR[I [3EIJ
0.364
0.043
0.132
THE FOLLOW I NG RESULTS ARE FOR :
sTRT
=
4.oou
T”?HL OBSERVAT I ONS :
il
CH
MG
rit7
1.1 O F CRSES
11
I i
11
tlEt7tl
1 . 4 7 6
0.5m
1.550
5TANDAR~ DEC’
0 . 3 2 5
0.105
0.416
THE FOLLOW I NG ~ RESULTS FIEE FOR :
‘TRT
=
S.OO#
TOTt-IL @BSER’,JFit I ONS :
1 1ca
m
rit7
N L7F CHSES
Ii
11
ii
rimrt
1.580
0.529
2.014
STFiNDARlI [3EV
0 %Ci
.-e*
o.mz
0. 3 13
17
THE FOLL0t.J t NG IRESULTS ARE FOR:
JTRT
=
6.000
TOTAL GBSERUAT, t GNS :
Ii
ca
MG
ti GF C A S E S
ii
Ii
MEAN
1 . 8 7 ”
0.568
STRNDARD @EV
0. -r4ù
Q.Q91
THE Fci~L0t.1 t NG (IESULTS ARE FOR:
tTRT
=
7.000
TOTAL OBSERVAT~I ONS :
1 1
CA
MG
Na
N OF CASES
11
i l
11
r1ETil.i
1.681
Q.703
4 .392
STANDARD DEV
0 . 3 2 1
0 . 0 7 7
1 . 5 8 5
THE FOLLOW t NG @ESULTS ~RE FOR:
tRT
=
5.000
TOTaL GBSER~,JaT 1 ONS :
1 1
c a
tlG
NH
PI nF CaSES
11
11
11
HE AN
1 . 8 9 3
0.655
5 . 3 5 2
STaNDaRlI OE’,I
0.456
0.084
1 , 3 7 6
SUtWARY STAT t Sl: t CS FOR
c a
BRRTLETT TEST @cifi HOMOGENE ITV OF GRüUP VARI ANCES
CH t -SQUARE =
2.988 DF=
7 FRGBABILI T V =
~ 686
ANALYS t S CIF VAR t ANCE
$:CI iJF;cE
WI O F S Q U A R E S D F
rl EHN SQUARE
F
FROPAB t L t Ti-
rtEWtlaN-KEULS tlC(LT t FLE COMFAR t SONS
ORDERED MEANS D~l F F E R A T ALFHa =
.050 tF T H E Y EX~EED FOLL~W riG GaPS
GRF GRDER
DIFFERENCE
1
0 . 3 2 6
2
0 . 3 3 2
3
Ci.430
4
0 . 4 5 8
5
0.473
5
0.496
7
0 . 5 1 1
~ti t s T E S T asçurks T H E mUriTS P E R GROUF FIRE EQUaL
SUi il47RY STAT I ST II CS FGR
MG
EilRTLETT T E S T FOR HOMOGENEITY O F GRGUF VaRlANCES
1:1-t ) --SQ’IaRE
=
8 . 4 3 2 DF=
7 FROBABILITY =
,296
$,IJ lJfir:E
SUM GF S Q U A R E S DF
M EAN SQ UHRE
F
FROBaGtLITY
IJ I TH I Ii GROUPS
0.494 Em
0.006
NEldW+-KEULS t#JLT I PLE COMPAR l SONS
CIRDERED MEANS Dl F F E R H T ALFHH =
. 050 I F THE’? E X C E E D FOLLC$JI NG ~:I?FS
GAP ORDEI?
DIFFERENCE
1
c7.067
2
O.#SO
.Y
o.cm3
4
0.094
5
17.098
fJ
0.101
7
0.104
TtI I S TEST ASSUMES THE COUNTS FER GRUUP HRE EQUHL
SUMMRR’r’ STAT I ST I CS FOR
NA
B A R T L E T T T E S T F # R HOMOGENEITY c7F GROUP WIRIRNCES
11 H 1 -!c;QlJAfiE =
119.329 DF=
7 FROBHBILITY = .NKI
HNALYS I S OF VAR I HNCE
!~II lJRC:E
S U M c7F S Q U A R E S DF
M EAN
SQ UAR~
F
PROBABILITY
BETHEEN GROUFS
3 0 7 . 4 4 6
7
43.921
b
-‘,364i
0 l~i]cl
1dITHIN GROUPS
52 160
*
80
0.652
NEWMAN-KEULS MULT I PLE COMFAR I SONS
OBI?ERED MEANS PIFFER R T ALPHA =
< OS0 I
F
THE’+ EXCEED FOLLOLdI NG GAPS
GI~P ORDER
OIFFERENCE
1
0.685
2
0 822
.-
ü : -34
i
ù.961
5
1.0Q6
6
1.042
7
1 . 0 7 2
THI S TEST ASSUMES THE COUNTS PER GROUF ARE EQUAL
SUMMARlr’ STAT I St I CS FOR
K
E:FiRTLETT T E S T FOR HOMOGENEI T’r’ O F GROUF WR IANCES
C.H I -SQUARE =
12.933 DF=
7 FROBABILITY =
, 0 7 4
ANAL’6 I S OF VAR I HNCE
s u r i w SQURRES DF M EFIIJ SQ UFiRE
F
i
TIdEEN GROUFS
7 Qyl
. WbL
7
1 . 133
6.495
I:l
i:llJl:l
1.1 i TH 1 ri GR~IJPs
13.958
80
0.174
NEWMAN-KEULS MIILT I PLE COMFRR I SONS
WDEEED MEANS DIFFER R T A L P H A =
.@5ù I
F
THE? EXCEED Fc7LLW I NG GAFS
GAF ORDER
DIFFERENCE
1
0.355
2
0.425
3
0.467
4
0.437
5
0
CiTl
b.._
6
0 ,539
7
0 . 5 5 4
TI--l I S T E S T aSSlUtlES T H E COUNTS P E R GRDUP ARE EQUaL
‘T’DU A R E I r i STATS MODULE
HUN I D I TE RAC I N$S
TIHE FDLLDLd I NG RESULTS ARE FM :
TRT =
l.UOcI
TOTAL OBSERVaT I ONS :
1 1 H
N OF C A S E S
11
MEAH
lO.3d4
STaNDaRD DEV
6 . 408
THE FOLLDLJ I NG RESULTS ARE FDR :
TRT =
2.DDO
TOTHL OBSERVAT 1 @Ns :
ii H
N OF C A S E S
11
rIEmi
18 . 17.7h
STafdDRRD DEV
:3 . 058
T H E FDLLOWI NI2 ~ESULTS RRE FOR:
TRT =
3.DOO
TQTAL OBSERVAT 1 mis :
1 1 H
N OF CaSES
11
rIEaN
2 7 . 8 0 1
STHNDARD DEV
6.981
T H E FQLLOW I NG RESULTS ARE FOR:
tRT
=
4 . 0 0 0
TDTaL DBSERVHT li DNS :
11
H
N OF C A S E S
11
mari
20,864
STRNDHRD DEL’
4 . 1 2 4
THE FDLLDW I NG WESULTS ARE FDR:
TRT
=
5 . 0 0 0
TDTAL DPSERVaT 1, DNS :
11
H
IJ OF C A S E S
11
m-d i
il1 . 3 4 5
STilHDaRD DEV
4 . 0 1 3
T H E FDLLOW I riG RESULTS HRE F O R :
?RT
=
6. DD0
7 ‘-‘TII- OBSERVAT IONS :
11
H
N OF C A S E S
11
MEtvi
21.664
STRt IDARD DEV
7.374
T H E FDLLDGI I riG FjESUL .TS ARE FOR
=
I -
7.DDO
TvTnL OBC;ER~~aT:~~ o- *
b
1_ 3.
ii
H
ri OF CASES
11
riEaN
11.773
STANDARD DEU
2.235
THE FOLLDLJING RESULTS ARE FOR:
‘TRT
=
8.DOO
TOTAL OBSERVA’I’ I ONS :
1 1
H
N OF C A S E S
MEAN
12.5;;
STANDARD DEV
1 . 4 8 5
‘YJMMARS’ STAT I S:T I CS FDR
H
GtiflTLETT T E S T F O R HDMDGENE I T’r’ DF GfiDUP VAR I ANCES
C. t-l I -SQUARE =
35,225 DF=
‘i PRCWIBILITY = D.@OD
ANHLYS I Ç OF VAR I HNCE
SOURCE
SIJM OF S Q U A R E S D F MEAN SQUHRE
F
FRDBRB I L 1 T’i’
DETWEEN GRDUFS
II l TH I N GROUPS
NEWMHN-KEULS MVLT I PLE CDMPAR I SONS
DRDERE@ MERNS I!II F F E R R T ALPHR =
.DSD I F
THE+’ EXCEED FDLLDW I NG GHPS
GAP DRDER
DIFFERENCE
1
4 . 1 7 8
2
5.014
.7
5 . 5 0 9
4
5 . 8 5 9
5
6 . 1 3 0
6
6 . 3 5 0
6 . 5 3 4
THIS TEST HSSU~~ES T H E CUUNTS PER GRDUP HRE EQUHL
t’OU A R E I N STyTS M O D U L E
H U M I D I T E d ~U~TIERES M I N E R A L E S BULBES
T H E FoLLOWING \\&SULTS RRE FOR:
TRT
=
1.000
T O T A L c76SER/h?T:lC1NS: 11
H
MINER
N O F CRSES
11
11
MEHN
84.600
5.636
STAN1UARD DEU
1.322
O*S05
T H E FOLLCIWING RESULTS RRE F @ R :
ART
=
2.mo
TOTHL OBSERVHTéONS: 1
1 H
MINER
N OF CASES
11
1 1
rimd
85.491
5 . 4 5 s
STANDARD LiEY
1.854
0.522
T H E FoLLwlNC; P~ESULTS RRE FOR:
-l-RT
=
3.om
T O T A L OPSERVATiONS:
11 H
MINER
1.1 CIF CASES
11
11
MERN
85.709
5.545
STANDARD DEV
1 . 5 0 4
0 . 5 2 2
T H E FOLLOWING qESULTS ARE FOR:
l!RT
=
4.ocJo
TOTAL OBSERVATIONS:
11 H
MINER
N OF CASES
11
11
\\,
MEAN
8 5 . 9 0 3
5 . 7 2 7
STANDARD DE'J
1. 156
0.905
THE FOLLOWING RFSULTS ARE FOR:
TbT
=
5 . 0 0 0
T O T A L OBSERVRTIbtJS: ilH
MINER
N C7F C A S E S
11
11
MERri
8 6 . 7 7 3
6 . 6 3 6
STANDARD DEV
1.210
0.924
T H E FOLLOWING R SULTS ARE FOR:
ri
T,T
=
6.Q00
T O T A L OBSERVATI$NS: 11H
MINER
N OF CASES
11
11
MEAN
\\
8 5 . 5 6 4
s.r311
STHNDARD DEV
1 . 7 4 3
0.751
THE I~LL~ ING RQSULTS HRE F~R:
TdT
=
7 . 0 0 0
TOTAL QI~SERVAT~#~:
I i H
tlINER
N OF C A S E S
11
MEFIN
$6,08:
5 . 6 3 6
STANDARD CIE’..J
1.357
0 . SOS
T H E FOLLOWING REjSULTS ARE FOR:
TRiT
=
8 . 0 0 0
T O T A L O B S E R V A T I O N S : IIH
MINER
N
O
F
CHSES
11
Il
~1EFtI-I
85 vi7
. h-b
5.727
STFiNDtViD @EV
2.097
0.467
SUMMARY STAT I T I C S F U R
H
PRRTLETT TEST :FOR HOMOGENE l TV OF GRDUF WR l ANCES
ftl I -SQUAfiE =
6 . 191 D F =
7 FROGRBILITV =
,518
ANAL’6 I S OF VAR I ANCE
SI~IJR~E
SIJM OF S Q U A R E S D F MEAN S Q U A R E
F
FEDBAP I L I TY
\\
PETWEEN GRDUFg
28.963
7
4.138
1.411
,212
LJITHIN GROUFS
234.558 SD
2.932
NEWMAN-KEULS +LT I FLE CDMFAR l SONS
WiDERED rmris ,D I FFER AT ALPHA =
,050 I F THEY E X C E E D FDLLWING GfiFS
GRF DRDER
:D I FFERENCE
1
1.454
2
1.744
.?
3
1.916
4
2.038
5
2.133
6
2.209
7
2.273
THIS T E S T FIS@’ 1ES THE CDUNTS FER GRDUF ARE EQUAL
SUtlMFiR’.i’ STAT I T
! 1'ICS FOR
MINER
GARTLETT T E S T ;F'DR HOMOGENE I TY OF GRDUF WR l ANCES
CHI -SQUARE =
11.528 DF=
7 FRDBAPILITY =
, 1 1 7
ANAL$3 I S OF VAR I ANCE
SOURCE
SUM OF S Q U A R E S D F MEAN S Q U A R E
F
FRDBABILITY
BETWEEN GRDUPq
10.364
7
1.481
3.375
1717'3
II I TH 1 N GRDUFS
35.091
S D
0.433
rimmm+tmLs $LT I FLE COMFAR i smis
DR@ERED MERNS ,@ I FFER RT ALPHA =
. 050 I F THE$’ E X C E E D FDLLW I NG GAFS
GAF DRDER
1D I FFERENCE
1
0.562
2
0.675
.-,
0.741
;
0.768
5
0.825
6
0.854
7
0.879
Ttl I S TEST RSSI~ME” THE CDUNTS FER GRDUF HRE EQUAL
YDU A R E I N STfiTS M O D U L E
HIJtl ID I TE FEU I L/LES
TIHE FDLLDWI NG /RESULTS ARE FDR:
ITRT
=
1 .DDO
TOTAL OBSERVAI I DNS :
ii
H
N O F CRSES
11
MERN
21.882
STANDARD DE$
8 . 8 0 0
T H E FDLLDWINGiRESULTS ARE FOR:
i
TRT
=
2 . 0 0 0
TDTRL OESERVAj’ I ONS :
1 1
H
N DF CHSES
1 I
MEAN
3 2 . 0 1 8
STRNDRRD DE$’
1 4 . 4 6 3
THE FOLLOW I NG / ;;;“LT” ARE FOR :
=
3.om
TOTAL DBSERUAI I DNS :
11
H
N OF CASES
11
rIEFIN
23. 145
STANDARD DEI:’
ei
b 374
.+.
THE FOLLDW I NG ; RESULTS ARE FDR :
/TRT
=
4.Dcm
TOTAL OBSERVAt I ONS :
1 1 H
N DF C H S E S
11
MEAN
3 1 . 4 7 3
STANDARD DEV
8.832
T H E FOLLOW I NG /RESULTS A R E FOR:
ITRT
=
s.cm
T@TAL DBSERVRj I ONS :
11
H
N OF CASES
11
r1ERN
2 8 . 2 9 1
STANDARD DEkj
1 1 . 4 2 2
T H E FOLLDWING IRESULTS ARE FOR:
/TRT
=
%.DDO
TOTAL OPSER’JAl/IONS:
1
1 H
N O F C H S E S
11
riEmi
2 4 . 4 1 8
STANDRRD DEbl
1 1 . 6 6 5
THE FDLLOW I NG ‘RESULTS RRE FDF; :
!TET
=
7.cm
T O T A L ~~SERV~I$ I mis :
1 i
H
N OF CHSES
11
MEAN
2 7 . 4 0 9
STANDARD DECI
1 2 Cm
THE FOLLOW I NG /RESULTS ARE F@R:
;TRT
=
8 < DD0
TDTRL OBSERVAT! I mis :
1 1
H
IJ O F C A S E S
11
MEAN
:34.3$5
STRNDHRD DE\\!I
1 1 . 8 3 8
I
sUrwîRRv S T A T I s’T I cs F O R
H
BRRTLETT T E S T 1 DR HOMOGENE ITY OF GRDUF VARlANCES
CHI -SQURRE =
tci < 483 DF=
7 PRO6t76ILI Tt’ =
1 6 3
RNRLVS I S OF VAR I HNCE
SOURCE
ÇUM C7F S Q U A R E S DF MEAN SQUARE
F
FROEW3ILITY
BETCJEEN GROUFI
1 6 5 6 . 1 3 7 7
2 3 6 . 5 9 1
2.005
[lftc;
IA I TH I N GRCWS
0 4 4 0 . 8 8 2 80
llt7.c711
MEI4MAN-KEULS PikILT I FLE COMFAR l SONS
ORDERED tIEANS ;D I FFER RT ALPHA =
.05c) I
F
THE’+ EXCEED FOLLOW I NG GHFS
GRF ORlIER
DIFFERENCE
1
9.22‘2.
.-.,
L
t1.065
3
12. 157
4
12.331
5
13 , WP
b&-
6
14.013
7
1 4 . 4 2 0
THIS T E S T RSS@iES T H E COUNTS F E R GRUUF HRE EQUAL
Annexe 6: Qxédures pour la paramétrisation des modèles
YO11 ARE I N NOtjL l N MODULE
MODELE NON LI EAIRE U T I L I S E : bulbes=uD*ca + al*ice”n21
LOSS FUNCT ION “1II S LEAST SQUARES
ITERATION
j
LO$S
PARAMETER UHLUES
ü.;7lQlQ56D+ü5 O.DüOüD+üüO.DOüüD+üüO.üOüDD+üü
0 .I3719596D+üS 0.32260+010.7416D+000.00000+00
O.b531546D+O5 0.3077D+01@.1#47D+010.4024D+00
O.b383587D+05 0.177~D+010.1070D+02-.1549D+00
0.11302312D+O5 0.35940+000.18740+020.16930-01
O. a691425D+O4 -.1745D+010.3059D+020. 1680D+DO
0. 004856D+O4 -.2#330+010.3867tI+020.20370-01
0. 459289#+04 -.2267D+010.3477D+020.6724D-01
0. l 4081720+04 -.2457D+010.3584D+020.6445D-01
0. 397246D+04 -.2606D+010.36400+020.6954D-01
0. 275537o+ü4 - .31470+010.3523R+020.14220+00
0. 178139#+04 -.3872D+010.3326D+020,2332D+00
0. 111184DtO4 -.3985D+010.3285D+020.2354D+uù
0 . l015267D+OJ -.5002D+010.3390@+020.2Q4~Dtüü
l),~Q63QOQ#+O4
-.5:~36#+010,331~#+02O,~~~~#t~~
O.~Q40177D+04
-.5853D+010.3285D+020.35Q0Dt00
O.f921204D+O4 -.6:334D+010.3319@+020.3813D+00
0.~901588D+O4 -.6625D+010.33700+020.387üDt0ü
7301D+010.3363@+020.4236D+00
8720840+04 -.8004D+010.33350+020.4589D+00
8384D+010.33730+020.47180+00
83410+010.3395D+020.4653D+00
6693D+010.3403D+020.4797D+00
-.9147D+010.3418D+020.4368D+00
6279D+010.3423D+020.5006D+0ü
9576D+010.3441D+020,5 10 lD+OO
97340+010.3451D+020.5150D+00
9816D+010.3455#+020.5173Dt0ü
99110+010.3459D+020.5206#+0~
9895D+010.3458D+020.5200D+00
9901D+010.3459D+020.5202Dt0ü
.9903ü+#10.3459D+020.52D2CJ+00
9903D+010,3459D+020,5202~+0ü
9903D+010.3459D+020.52ü2D+00
9903#+010.3459#+020.52ü2l300
9903D+010*3459D+020*5202D+00
-.9903D+010.3459D+020.5202D+00
DEPENDENT WtRI BLE IS
BULBES
FINAL VALUE OF LOSS FUNCT I ON I S
4 8 5 4 . 2 4 9
FARAHETER EST ItjATES
I HDEX
LABE/L
EST I MATE
STANDARD ERRÜR
1
Rü
:
-4
-,
PV
,,a
S.951
2
Fil
34.557
4.786
3
fi2
0,520
0.28ü
CORRELAT ION MATP I X OF PARFIMETER EST I MI?TES
A0
Al
fl2
nü
l.OOü
Al
:
-ü.971
l*ùOO
Fi2
-0.938
0.956
1.000
MDDELE N O N LINEfVRE U T I L I S E : ca=aO*<ce"al>
LOSS FUNCT ION : I S LEAST SQURRES
ITERATION
LQSS
FRRRMETER URLUES
0
0 .\\242D 17 lD+D3 0. DDDDD+DDU, 50DDD+Dù
1
0 ./26?86 15D+D2 0 . 7 8 16D+DDD. SODDD+DD
.-,L
0.~21753200+02 0.8158D+000.3442D+00
3
ù;l959885D+02
0.8587D+000.3#83D+00
4
nh66892D+02 0.9107Dt000.3265Dt00
5
~1:~17561620+02
0.1033Dt010.2600Dt00
6
O.~l717571D+O2 0.1183D+010.2038D+00
7
dl714097D+U2
0.1153D+01ü.2152D+00
8
d171337lD+02
0. 1146D+010.218lD+00
9
0.;17 1397lDtO2 0.11470+010*2178D+00
10
0,~171397lD+02 0. 1146D+010.218lD+00
11
ùjl71397UD+02
0. 1146D+010.2180D+00
1 2
U.p713J70D+02
0.1147D+010.2173D+UO
1.3
O.~l71397OD+O2 0.1146D+010.2179D+00
1 4
0,1713970D+02
C~.ll46D+010.2180D+Q0
1 5
Cti1713970Dt02 0. ll46D+010.2180D+00
1 6
0,h71397üD+02
0. 1146D+#10,2i80D+00
1 7
0: 171397DD+D2 0.1146D+0lCl.2180D+00
1 8
0!1713370D+02
0.1146D+01ù.2180D+00
DEFENDENT VRRIRBLE IS
d
CA
F IHRL VALUE 0, LDSS FUNCTIDN l S
17.140
FRRHMETER EST (MATES
I NDEX
LRE/EL
EST I MATE
STANDARD ERRDR
1
RD i
1.146
O*ù53
7.
L
Al
0.218
0 . 0 2 5
CORRELRTION Pif/TRlX OF FRRRMETER EST1 MRTES
a0
FI1
AO
l.OOC!
Al
4 * 725
1.000
r1UDELE NON LlqERlRE U T I L I S E : my=aD*<ceAal>
LOSS FUNCTIDN [IS LEAST SQUARES
ITERATION
LCGS
FRRRMETER ‘JRLUES
ci
D.i276854DD+02 ~.~DDDD+DCJ~.~~~DD+~~
1
0~154639OD+Ol
0.2724D+000.50~OD+#0
2
0~1102828D+01
0.284lD+000.33630+00
3
ù.j8038476D+00 0,289lD+000,3724D+00
4
Qt7335849D+00 0,3002D+000.3763ll+ù0
5
0,;5556023D+00 0.355DD+DDD.2948D+DD
6
Oj5566348OtOO
0.38200+000.2426D+00
7
D./5565782D+DD
ü.3817D+000.2439D+00
8
035565727DtUO 0.3813D+OOO.2437D+UO
'2
d5565723Dt00 0.3820D+000.2435D+00
117
0.~55657230+0~ 0.38200+000.24350+00
1:
0~5565723D+DD
D.3#2DD+#0D.2435D+DD
0 .;5565723D+DD D .382DD+DDù. 2435D+OD
13
c3 /5565723D+DD 0.382DD+000.2435D+OD
DEFENDENT UAR IhBLE I S
M G
FINAL IJRLUE 04 LDSS FUNCT I DN I S
0 . 5 5 7
FRRRPIETER ESTjMHTES
I NDEX
EST I MATE
STANDARD ERROR
1
0.382
0 . 0 1 7
2
Al
0.244
0.025
CORRELRT l ON MR;trR I X OF FARAMETER EST I MHTES
A0
Al
Fio
1.000
Ri
-0.937
1 . 000
M O D E L E N O N L I N AIRE U T I L I S E : na=aO*~ceӟl~
F
LOSS FUHCTION /IS LEAST SQUARES
I
ITERATION
LOSS
FARAMETER UALUES
0
0.h13324D+O3 0.100DD+010.5000D+00
1
O.hi63431DtO3 0. 1053D+010.65200+00
2
0!73246370+02 O.5356D+OOO.9319D+OO
3
0.~6706714DtO2 D.4915D+OOO.l028D+Ol
4
0./64466550+02 0.3260D+000.1173D+01
5
O.f6097077DtO2 0.38880+000.1123D+01
6
0./58853850+02 0.3265D+000.1208D+01
7
U.t58456#0D+02 0,2902D+000.125QD+01
8
O.;5827639D+02 0.2915D+OOO.l263D+01
g
O./5824611D+O2 0.2846DtOOO. 1275D+Ol
1 0
Oj5824472D+O2 0.2824D+OOD.l278D+Ol
11
0.582447iD+02 0.2824D+000. 1278DtOl
1 2
i
0,15824471D+O2 0.2824D+OOO.l278D+C'l
1 3
0.5824471Dto2 0.28240+000.12780+01
1 4
0,5824471D+O2 0.2824DtOOü. 1278DtO1
@EFENOENT VAR lhBLE l S
NA
l= I NRL VALUE SF/ LOSS FCrNCT IOtJ I S
58.245
FARAMETER EST Ii MATES
l NDEX
LREjEL
ESTIMATE
STANDARD ERROR
1
A0 :
0.282
0.049
2
FI1
:
1.278
0.073
C~IEEELATION MI~ITRIX OF FARAMETER ESTIMATES
A0
A l
AO
i
1.000
Al
-0.986
1.000
l
MODELE NON Lit EAIRE U T I L I S E : k=aO*c~! + c!l*<ce”n2>
1
LQSS FUNCTION,IS LEAST SQUARES
\\
ITERRTION
: LOSS
FARAMETER VALUES
ü
o1 1118873DtO4 0.Oo00D+OoO.DOOOD+D0o<ooooDtoo
12
Oj3780464DtO3
0.4727DtOO0.9771D-OlO.@OOOD+DO
OI 17952210+03 -.iO09Dt000.4065Dt010.1799DtOO
3
0~1625634DtO3
-8 4046DtOD0.6158DtDl-.5685D-01
4
o! 178243ODtO2 -.13330+000.43670+01-.1878D-01
5
üi 1497105D+O2 -.9002D-D10.4082D+Ol-. 1305D-01
6
Oi1487054DtO2
-.8209D-010.4021D+01-.ll4lD-01
7
0~1485538DtO2
-.8317D-010.38~5DtOl-a77550-02
8
0[1480533D+O2
-.9236D-010.3966D+010.31150-02
4
0; 1456443DtO2 -, 1533D+000.3#44D+010.7371D-01
1 0
oi 1450937D+O2
~264D+000.3722Dt010.l58lD+OO
-...
0~1441921D+02
-, 1954D+000.3783D+010.1214D+00
1;
üi 14418540+02 -. 1865D+OO0.3785D+010.l223D+ùO
1 3
ci/ 1441845D+D2 -. 1368D+0DD.3784DtD10.1227DtOO
1 4
O'1441841DtO2 -a 1963DtOO0.3384Dt01O,l225DtOO
1 5
0.1441839DtO2
-3 1355D+000.3785D+010.12160+00
16
0. 144183~Dt#2 -, 19540+000.37e5D+010.1215DtQ0
1 7
0.1441835Dt02 -a 1954D+000.3785D+010.1215D+00
18
O.l441839D+O2 -.1954D+OOù.3785D+010.1215D+00
1 9
0.1441839D+02 -.1954D+ù00.37850+01ù.1215D+00
20
CI. 1441839D+02 -.1954D+DDD.3785D+DlD.l215D+DD
21
0.1441839D+CG! -.1954D+Oü0.3785D+01ü.1215D+00
DEFENDENT VAR l APLE I S
K
F I N A L V A L U E OF L D S S FUNCTIÜN IS
14.418
FARAMETER EST I MATES
I N@EI:
LABEL
EST I MHTE
STRNDHRD ERRÜR
1
Aü
-0. 195
ü . cm
-
Al
3.785
cl. 136
3
A 2
0.122
ù.075
CDRRELAT I ON MHTR l X OF FARAMETER EST I MATES
AO
Al
A2
Aü
l.QOO
Al
0.686
l.DOü
H2
-0.977
-0.815
l.ùüO
M O D E L E NDN L I N E A I R E U T I L I S E : f e u i I les=~CL*ce + al*<ceAnZII \\
LDSS FUNCTIDN IS L E A S T S Q U A R E S
ITERATION
LÜSS
FARAMETER VALUES
ù
0.1221841D+03 0.00000+000.00000+000.0000D+00
1
0,502262SD+O2
0.1473D+000.3#47D-010.0000D+00
2
ü.1487582Dt02 -.3144D-010. 1266D+OlO.l736D-01
3
O.l47733QD+O2
-.3192D-010.1269D+010.3115D-02
4
ü.l475947D+02
-.2897D-010.l249D+ülü.Qüü7D-ü3
5
ü.l475898D+ü2
-.29llD-ülü.l247D+0lü.l284D-02
6
0,1475586D+02
- .3215D-ülü.1236D+010.1374D-01
7
ci. 1474#26D+02 -.40llD-010.1217D+010,4663D-~l
:s
0,1474657D+ü2
-.4651D-01ü.1207D+010.7085D-ül
9
0,1474630D+ü2
-.44760-010.1212D+Ol@.6332D-01
10
ü.i474629D+02
-.4550D-010.1210D+010.5620D-01
11
ü.l47462QD+O2
-.4499D-010.1211D+01ü.641~D-ü1
1 2
ü.l474629D+ü2
-.4521D-01ü.1211D+01ü.65ü2D-ü1
1 3
0.147462QDt02
-.4527D-010.1211D+010.6522D-01
1 4
0.1474629Dt02
-.4527D-ü10.12llD+010.6524D-01
1 5
ü.l474629D+O2
-.4527D-010.1211D+01ü.6523D-01
1 6
0,147462QD+02
-.4527D-010.12llD+0lO,6523D-OI
1 7
ü.l47462QD+ü2
-.4527D-01ü.1211D+010.6523D-01
DEF?ENDENT VAR IHBLE I S FEUILLES
F INHL VALUE OF LÜSS FUNCT ION 15
14.746
FARAMETER EST I MATES
I N@EZ<
LRBEL
EST I MATE
STANDARD ERROR
1
A@
-0.045
0.067
rJ3
A2 fil
ci.065 1.211
0.241 0.151.
CDRRELATION IIATRIX OF PARRMETER ESTIMATES
AO
Al
A2
ACI
1.000
Al
0.736
1.000
AZ
-4 < 976
-0.854
l.OUO
NÜDELE NON LINEA IRE UTILISE: twcitws=uü*ce + r7 l*~ce~'c72~
LOSS FUNCTIDN I S LEAST SQUARES
ITERHTIÜN
LÜSS
FARAMETER VALUES
0 47386610+02 D.@DOUD+DDO.OODOD+ODD.DDODD+DD
0,2220782D+ù2 0.8703D-O10.187QD-010.0000D+ùO
0,11248DOD+O2 -.Q831D-OtO.l2QQD+OlD. 117OD-Dl
O.l112443D+O2 -.QQ17D-010.1305D+01-.7322D-02
0.6313285D+Ot
-.4448D-OiO.Q454D+OO-.2338D-02
0.60523360+01 - .305BD-DlD,#42QD+DD-.6327D-03
0.6041197D+Dl
-.3177D-010.8361D+000.2913D-02
0.6031903D+01 -.3494D-010.8349D+000.13490-01
D.S902592D+Ol -.7132D-010.7948D+000.18120+00
0.5873529D+Ol
-.8607D-010.7756D+000,2512D+00
0.58627750+01
-.S77!30-010.7494D+000.269~D+00
0.585Q3OOD+Cll -.8851D-DlD.7569D+OOO.268DD+OD
0.5855231D+#l
-.9352D-D1O.76lDD+OOD.2~OQD+OD
#.584915OD+Dl -. 1031D+000.77#0D+000.2994D+0D
D,5847511D+Dl -.1164D+000.7595D+000.3456D+00
0.584294DD+Ol -.1135D+000.7594D+000.3363D+0
D.S839972D+Ol -. 1148D+ODO.7574D+OOD.33Q4D+O~ 7
0.5838268D+Dl -9 1216D+000.7554D+000.3567D+00
0.583725DDtDl -,1272D+D00,7557D-+-000.37lOD+OO
0.5837096Dt0 t -, 1329DtOOO. 757 tD+OOD. 384 IDcOO
0.5836967D+Dt -. 1311D+000.75730+000.3793D+@D
0.5836926DtOl -.1325D+000.7573D+OOD.3825D+DD
0.583691#D+Oi -.1333D+D0#.7574D+000.38440+00
0.58369 17D+D 1 -a i334D+DDD.7574D+D00.38460+U0
0.5836917D+Ol -.1335D+ODD.7574D+D00.3846D+OO
@.5836917D+Ol -. 1335D+DD0.7574D+DD0.31460+00
0.58369 17D+O 1 - . 1335D+DD0.7574D+D00.3846D+OO
#.5836917D+Ot -.1335D+000.7574D+D00.3846D+OO
0.5836917D+Ol -.13350+000.75740+000.38460+00
D E F E N D E N T UARIABLE IS R A C I N E S
FI NHL URLUE OF LDSS FUNCT I ON I S
5.137
FARAMETER EST I MATES
/ NDEX
LREEL
ESTIMATE
STANDARD ERRDR
1
A0
- 0 . 1 3 3
0 . 1 1 1
2
Al
D.757
0.046
3
A 2
0.365
0.254
CORRELHT I ON MRTR I X OF FRRAMETER EST I HATES
FI0
HI
H2
A0
1 .QOO
Al
-0.282
1.000
AL
-cl.991
0.156
1. ùOO
M O D E L E NON L I N E A I R E U T I L I S E : H=~O*C~ + al*tce*aLI
LDSS FUNCT ION t S LEAST SDUARES
ITERATION
LOSS
FARAHETER VALUES
1)
0.36Oü967Dtü5 O.OOODD+OOO.DODDD+OOO.ODOüDi-Dü
1
D.l6Q7807D+DS O.2391D+010.5289D+0OO.OOODD+OO
2
0.1562438Dt05 0.2123D+010.24450+010.4948D+00
3
0, 102733DDtD5 0. 142 lD+D 10.7227D+O 10.3670[3-02
4
O.QD076DQD+O4 0.8829D+DOO. 1054D+D2-.1622D+OO
5
D.S@78DQ8D+D4 -, 1427D-OlO.l444D+020. 1112DtDD
6
0.45360540+04 -. 64090+000.17430+020.20180+0b
7
13.307506 ID+04 - . lD79D+O 10,2077D+O20. 1060DtDO
8
0.2873646DtD4 -.1647D+010.2433D+020.7330D-ùl
9
0.2832304Dt04 -.1567D+OlD.2364D+020.9342D-01
10
0,2829648D+04 - , 162QD+010.2386D+O20.Q86lD-01
11
0,2747462D+D4 -.2628D+#10.2334D+020.228lD+OO
12
0.27200870+04
-.3ùi7D+010.226OD+O20.2S77D+Oü
0.270713QD+04 - 32 18D+O 10.2 182D+O20,3 195D+OO
0.26356530+04 - 3337D+010.2202D+020.3279D+00
0.2692555D+O4 - 3641D+010.2256D+020.3424D+00
0.2687827D+O4 - 3828D+OiD.2233D+O20.364:3D+DD
0.2682652D+O4 - 3930D+010.2214D+020.3746D+00
0.267782DD+D4 - 4411D+010.2220D+020.4127D+00
0.2674575D+O4 - 45 lOD+O 10.2238[33+020.4 147DtOO
0.267218 iD+O4 - 4835D+010.2249D+020.43640+00
0 . 2 6 7 11330+04 - 5 152D+O 10.225OD+O20.4570D+OO
0.2670874D+O4 - 5256D+O10.2255D+02D.J63JD+DO
0 1267083 iD+O4 - 5339D+Di0.2264D+020.4666D+OD
1-1 2670779D+O4 - 5412D+010.2263D+020.4717D+00
ii : 2670766D+O4 - 5407D+O 10.2263D+020.47 1 lD+OO
0,2670763D+O4 - 5428D+O 10.2265D+020.4722D+OO
0,2670762D+O4 - 5435D+010.22650+020.4726D+00
0.2670762DtO4 - 5436D+OiD.2265D+020.4727D+OO
29
CI, 267&‘62D+&j - 5436D+DlD.2265D+D2D,4727D+DD
3 0
0.26707620+04 - 5436D+010.2265D+020.47270+00
31
0.2670762D+O4 - 5436D+OiD.2265D+D20.4727D+UO
DEFENDENT VAR I RPLE I S
H
\\
F I NHL UALCIE OF LDSS FUNCT I ON i S
2670,762
FFtRRMETER E S T I M A T E S
I NDEX
LHBEL
ESTIMATE
STANDARD ERROR
1
Fi0
- 5 . 4 3 6
2 . 9 1 5
3
a2 Al
22.648 0.473
0. 1.440 167
CORRELATION MATRIX OF FARAMETER ESTIMATES
A0
a i
A2
A0
1 . 0 0 0
A l
- 0 . 7 8 2
1 .O#O
A2
- 0 . 9 9 2
0.701
1.000
Ministère de l’Agriculture
ISRA / Fleuve
@APPORT ANALYTIQUE 1995
Effe;ts du Sel sur la Culture de
l’Oign&: Expériences sur le Pusa red
Dr Diikye Moustapha
Financement IDA
Travail réalisé avec les conseils de Dr J. P. Ndiaye, J. Pa@s & l’assistance technique de A. Fall,
A. Dramé & M. Sonko.
ï’able des Matières
3. (‘onclwion -
._.._ ._.. -_ _..-.. -.- --------.-. .---------
.-. . . .-- 1:J
:i
Liste des Tableaux, Figures & Annexes
,, - --_-..--.. _---__~-_--~ __--
/
---.- -_- \\
d ‘\\/
3. Nt-d tats et di.scussj.rms
l- -.-_--
---_-~-----
-
-
-
-
-
-
.--
I’!Io!o 1. I~IC~ls du ht’1 C-III I<I vdriCIé PI~S~ wd
s --
-
”
i
3
i
0.:10
‘7
/
I I .‘53
Xl>
10
0
<>
O 80
0
0
8
B
a
zoo 00
8
0
0
8
;
8
8
00
Orn
0 2 4 6 8
10 12
0
2
4
6
8
1 0
12
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
89,
0
88
0
8
:
go
0
oo
0
8
0
87
o”soEj
s
0
87
o”soEj
86
8,'o
8,“o
i2
'
0
"
8
85
go 8:”
8
8 5 ,
Oo
610 0
”
0
0
8
84
00 0
1
3
5
7
9
1 1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
CE moyenne du soi (mS/cm)
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
40
0
1.8
3
0
F
2 1.6
B 351
0
f
0
0
0
0
$ 1 . 4 ;
e 30:
00
-5
o 8
0
-5
.c
.c
i! 2%
25:
0
ep 8
8
O
i!
w 2%
+-5
%
‘5 151
0; &
t
8
8x’x,c(o
8
‘5 151
O'\\
?
8 '
; 10=
e
8
00
5j,,, ,,,,,,, ,,, ,,, ,,‘,
1 3 5 7 9 11
0
2
2 4
6
6 8
10 12
CE moyenne du soi (mS/cm)
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
Figure 2. Relation entre la salinité du sol et le dbveloppement morphologique de l’oignon
11
UIW tendance à l’accumulation du Mg et du Na dans les bulbes avec
l’augmentation du niveau de salinité du sol est décrite $alement par les
mudèles.
II en est de même que pour le Na, et il semble que l’accumulation du
Na soit plus linéaire que celle du Mg, avec la valeur du paramètre a, proche
de l’unité. Cela pourrait traduire probablement sur le plan physiologique, une
absorption plus passive du Na par simple diffusion, proportionnellement à la
concentration en sel du sol.
Certaines hypothèses dont la vérification interpelle les chercheurs en
physiologie végétale, peuvent être avancées pour expliquer cette faible
accumulation du K dans les bulbes:
1) Il y’a eu une absorption racinaire compétitive du K et du Na apportés en
excès avec le NaCl;
2) l’entrée passive du Na a induit une sortie active du K des tissus des plantes
traitées.
‘Tableau 5: Calcul des paramètres des modèles pour la composition minérale des bulbes
____________________________________
_____----_________---------------------------------------------------------------------
1
’ 3 bles dépendantes
a0
a1
a2
_--_---- .----.____-___-______--___-----------------------------------------------------------------------~-----------------
? ieur en K
-0.20
3.78
0.12
!
‘Teneur en Na
-----
0.28
\\
1.27
‘Teneur en Ca
-----
1.14
0.21
‘Teneur en Mg
-----
0.38
0.24
_ ________________________________________------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
La tendance à l’accumulation du Mg avec l’augmentation de la salinité
du sol pourrait être associée à un besoin pour la plante de réajuster la
pression osmotique du milieu intérieur de la plante, en augmentant sa force
ionique.
Les espèces ioniques divalents développent en effet à concentration
égale avec les monovalents, une force ionique plus importante.
12
3 -
5.57
0
'ijp
z
51
0
z
g 4.5-
0
0
0
E
00
0
Y
4-
8
00
0 0
0
f
3 3.52
2
I-
3 -
-
0
2.5$,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,~, 0
Of-
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1
1
3
5 7 9 11
CE moyenne du soi (mS/cm)
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
0.9-
0
0
0.3.~
1
3
5 7 9
11
13 5 7 9 11
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
CE moyenne du sol (mS/cm)
Figure 3. Relation entre la salinité du sol et la composition minérale des bulbes d’oignons
Il est généralement admis dans la littérature qu’une bonne nutrition
potassique augmente la résistance des cultures à la sécheresse et à la verse
(KEKKMAN et A, IWO) et on peut penser que son déficit dans les plantes d’oignon
puis’, 2 probablement contribuer aux manifestations de sécheresse hydrique
observées sur les échantillons traités, ceci parallèlement aux phénomènes
osmotiques associés à l’excès de sel dans le sol. Il serait interessant d’étudier le
r$le de la fumure potassique et magnésienne sur l’amélioration de la tolérance
f i * l’oignon à la salinité et la sodicité des sols.
La sélection de variétés tolérantes devrait conséquemment tenir
compte parallèlement à la capacité des plantes à tolérer l’excès de sel dans le
sol, mais également à leur capacité à tolérer les effets spécifiques défavorables
de certains ions tels que le Na+ et leur capacité B accumuler du K+ à partir de
la solution du sol.
1 3
4. Conclusion
La salinité du sol provoque des effets dépressifs sur la culture de la
variété d’oignon PUS~ red, avec une diminution significative de la masse des
bulbes, des feuilles et des racines. Ces effets dépressifs sont accompagnes par
une diminution de l’accumulation du potassium et une augmentation du
sodium et du magnésium retenus au niveau des bulbes. Les conditions
d’expérimentation n’ont pas permis d’identifier la part de variation du taux
d’humidité des parties aériennes de la plante, associée à la présence de sel
dans le sol. Au niveau des racines par contre, la diminution du taux
d’humidité est manifeste avec l’augmentation de la salinité du’sol.
Une comparaison du comportement des variétés d’oignons cultivées
dans la vallée, face g la salinité du sol nous aurait permis d’indiquer les
variétés les plus tolérantes pour un seuil de salinité donné. Pour une variété
donnée, la détermination d’un seuil de salinité agronomiquement acceptable
serait un outil indispensable dans les opérations d’amélioration foncière des
sols salés.
5. Références bibliographiques
Backman 0. C., 0. Kaarstad, 0. H. Lie, & I. Richards. 1990. Agriculture et
Fertilisation. Les engrais - leur avenir. Div. Agric., Norsk Hydre a.s, Oslo,
Norvège. pp. 258.
Dièye M. 1994. Contribution à la caractérisation et à la recherche de
techniques d’amélioration des “sols salés” dans le Delta et la Vallée du fleuve
Sene:;al. TSRA, DRCSI. Mémoire de titularisation. pp. 90.
Hubert De Bon, F. FranCois & J. Pages. 1991. Opération phytotechnie.
Programme Cultures Maraichères ISRA/CIO. Rapport Analytique des
t:nvaux de 1990. pp. 116.
An ticxc 1: Statistiques
YOU A R E I N STATS M O D U L E
T H E FOLLOWING R E S U L T S A R E FUR:
CATEGO
=
1.000
TOTAL iJPSERVRT’I ONS :
1 1
PULBES
F E U I L L E S
RACINES
ti c3F C A S E S
11
11
11
MEAN
‘21) 344
0.927
0.436
STRNL7ARD DEV
G35
0.275
0.137
THE FULLOW I NG RESULTS ARE FOR:
CHTEGO
=
2.0017
TOTRL OBSERURT~I ONS :
1 1
BULBES
FEUILLES
RAC I NES
N CIF C A S E S
il
11
11
NERN
36 < 233
1 .394
0.933
STRNDHRD CIEV
5 . 4 1 5
0.521
0 . 2 7 3
TIiE FCILLOW I NC; RESULTS ARE FOR :
CATEGO
=
3.üüü
TOTrlL OBSERVAT I ÜNS :
1 1
BULBES
F E U I L L E S
RRC I NES
N ÜF C A S E S
11
11
11
MEAN
38.161
1.141
ci. 384
STRNDARD DEtJ
4.943
ü.287
0.371
THE FÜLLÜW l NG RESULTS ARE FOR:
CAT@ü
=
4.üüü
!
TOTAL OBSERVAT ‘1 ÜNS :
1 1
BULBES
FEU I LLES
RAC I NES
N OF C A S E S
11
11
11
MEAN
29.461
1.244
ü.688
STANDARD DEV
6 . 1 1 9
ü . 4 2 1
0. 10s
THE FÜLLOW I NG fi3ESULTS ARE FOR:
CRT&ü
=
5.üüü
TOTAL ÜPSERVRT i ÜNS :
11
BULBES
FEU I LLES
RAC I NES
N ÜF CHSES
11
11
11
MIXN
33.22;
1.333
0.724
STÏ‘.IJDÏil7@ @EI!
5.487
0.474
0.112
T H E FüLLüW I NC; RESULTS RRE FüR:
CRTl%ü
=
6.000
TOTHL ÜBSERUAT j ONS :
1 1
BULBES
FEU I LLES
RACINES
N OF CASES
11
11
11
MEAN
25,654
0.814
0,651
STANDARD L3EL.J
4.363
0.432
cf.260
THE FoLLüW I NI: QESULTS A R E FüR:
CAT@O
=
7.üüo
TOTAL üESER’,JAT I ON3 :
1 1
BULGES
F E U I L L E S
RAC I NES
N OF CASES
11
11
MEAN
17. 172
0.944
0.4~
STRNDRRD DEV
6.5W
0 . 2 4 2
ü. 1 4 2
15
THE FOLLOb I NG RESULTS ARE FOR:
CFISiEGO
=
3 . 0 0 0
‘K~TRL OBSERWYI’ I ONS :
1 1
BULBES
FEU I LLES
RAC INES
N OF CASES
11
11
Ii
MEtVl
1 3 . 5 5 6
1.004
11.477
STRNDARD OElJ
2 . 3 4 6
0 . 3 6 0
0 . 1 2 7
SUMMI?RC~’ STHT t ST t CS FOR
BULBES
Bt-iRTLETT TEST ‘FOR HOMOGENE t TITI OF GROUP VAR I ANCES
CH I -SQUARE =
1 5 . 4 4 2 DF=
7 PFdBA6lL t TV =
.0:3 1
HNALb’SIS OF VAR t ANCE
\\
SOURCE
S U M O F S Q U A R E S DF MEAN SQUHRE
F
PROBABILITY
E:ETI IEEN GROUPS
6367.113
7
909 * 58s
2 6 . 4 7 1
0
l:ll7c7
1.1 l Ttt I tq C;ROUPS
2 7 4 8 . 9 5 7
8 0
3 4 . 3 6 2
MEC.tMAN-KEULS MULT t PLE COMPAR I SONS
W@ERED MEANS B I F F E R R T ALFHH =
,050 t F THEY EXCEEB FÜLLOIJ I NG GAFS
GAP ORlIER
DIFFERENCE
1
4 . 9 7 6
2
5.971
3
6 . 5 6 0
4
6 . 9 7 8
5
7 . 3 0 1
6
7 . 5 6 2
7
7 . 7 8 1
THt S TEST ASSljMES THE COUNTS F E R G R O U F A R E EQUAL
SUMMAE’s~ STAT t ?jT t CS FOR FEU t LLES
Bt-tRTLETT TEST FOR HOMOGENEITV OF GROUF VARtANCES
CH t -SQUARE =
9 . 1 3 4 BF=
7 FROBABtLtTY = , 1’25
ANALYS I S OF VAR t ANCE
SOURCE
s u r i O F SQUARES BF MEAN S Q U A R E
F
FROBREILITY
EETLlK3 GROUP!;
3.402
7
0 . 4 8 6
.,
3. .>.y.- ILL
l~l~cr
t4 1 Tti I t.1 GEOUFS
12.069
FI0
0.151
IIEt.lMAN-KEULS MULT t FLE COMFAR t SONS
ORDERED MEHNS ‘D I FFER AT ALPHA =
. 050 I F THE+ EXCEED FOLLOW l NG GAFS
I ‘iF ORDER
DIFFERENCE
1
0 . 3 3 0
2
0 . 3 %
.-
0 . 4 3 5
:
0 . 4 6 2
5
0 . 4 8 4
et
0 . 5 0 1
7
0 . 5 1 6
7H IS TEST ASSUMES THE COUNTS PER GROUF HRE EQIJRL
SUMMARY STAT t ?/T I CS FOR
RAC t NES
BRRTLETT TEST FOR HOMOGENEITV OF GROUF UARIANCES
I; H I -SQUARE =
‘XI
+- 590
.-- DF=
7 FROBABILIT’r’ = 0.000
ANAL% I S OF VAR I RNCESOURCE
:yJp,
C7F SC$~HRES DF tIEAN S9UARE
F
FRfX3APILITY
BETI-JEEN GROUFS
:~.pggl
7
0.443
Q r)OT
- &C*a
I:l lJl:lo
1.1 I TH I N GROUFS
3.815 80
0.048
tX3#1AN-KEULS PlULT I FLE COMFAR I SONS
ORDERED MEANS CI IFFER R T HLPHA =
,032 I
F
THEY EXCEEII FOLLOWI NG GAF’S
i;i-lr Qri@Eri
DIFFERENCE
1
0 . 1 8 5
2
0 . 2 2 2
,q
ù.244
ri
0.260
5
0.272
6
0.2132
7
0.290
l-HI5 T E S T RSSUMES T H E COUNTS FER GROUF FIRE EQJAL
THE FOLLOW I NG :RESULTS ARE FOR :
TRT =
1.cioo
TOTRL OBSERVAB l ONS :
11
c a
MG
N A
N OF CASES
i l
11
11
MEAN
ù.906
0.456
0.377
STANDARD DE’.,/
0.442
0.083
0.118
THE FOLLOW I NG ,RESULTS ARE FOR :
TRT =
2 . 0 0 0
TOTHL CG3SERUATIONS: 1
1CH
MG
N C7F CHSES
11
11
MEAN
1 ,323
0.466
STANDARD DEU
0.396
0,071
THE Fc)LLOW I NG :RE.SULTS ARE FOR :
TRT =
3.ù##
Tc7TAL
OBSERVAfIONS:
ilCH
MG
ria
N OF CASES
il
11
MEt-IV
1.341
c7.466
j 1;::
?Tj'l
.-
I[Y-IR[I [3EIJ
0.364
0.043
0.132
THE FOLLOW I NG RESULTS ARE FOR :
sTRT
=
4.oou
T”?HL OBSERVAT I ONS :
il
CH
MG
rit7
1.1 O F CRSES
11
I i
11
tlEt7tl
1 . 4 7 6
0.5m
1.550
5TANDAR~ DEC’
0 . 3 2 5
0.105
0.416
THE FOLLOW I NG ~ RESULTS FIEE FOR :
‘TRT
=
S.OO#
TOTt-IL @BSER’,JFit I ONS :
1 1ca
m
rit7
N L7F CHSES
Ii
11
ii
rimrt
1.580
0.529
2.014
STFiNDARlI [3EV
0 %Ci
.-e*
o.mz
0. 3 13
17
THE FOLL0t.J t NG IRESULTS ARE FOR:
JTRT
=
6.000
TOTAL GBSERUAT, t GNS :
Ii
ca
MG
ti GF C A S E S
ii
Ii
MEAN
1 . 8 7 ”
0.568
STRNDARD @EV
0. -r4ù
Q.Q91
THE Fci~L0t.1 t NG (IESULTS ARE FOR:
tTRT
=
7.000
TOTAL OBSERVAT~I ONS :
1 1
CA
MG
Na
N OF CASES
11
i l
11
r1ETil.i
1.681
Q.703
4 .392
STANDARD DEV
0 . 3 2 1
0 . 0 7 7
1 . 5 8 5
THE FOLLOW t NG @ESULTS ~RE FOR:
tRT
=
5.000
TOTaL GBSER~,JaT 1 ONS :
1 1
c a
tlG
NH
PI nF CaSES
11
11
11
HE AN
1 . 8 9 3
0.655
5 . 3 5 2
STaNDaRlI OE’,I
0.456
0.084
1 , 3 7 6
SUtWARY STAT t Sl: t CS FOR
c a
BRRTLETT TEST @cifi HOMOGENE ITV OF GRüUP VARI ANCES
CH t -SQUARE =
2.988 DF=
7 FRGBABILI T V =
~ 686
ANALYS t S CIF VAR t ANCE
$:CI iJF;cE
WI O F S Q U A R E S D F
rl EHN SQUARE
F
FROPAB t L t Ti-
rtEWtlaN-KEULS tlC(LT t FLE COMFAR t SONS
ORDERED MEANS D~l F F E R A T ALFHa =
.050 tF T H E Y EX~EED FOLL~W riG GaPS
GRF GRDER
DIFFERENCE
1
0 . 3 2 6
2
0 . 3 3 2
3
Ci.430
4
0 . 4 5 8
5
0.473
5
0.496
7
0 . 5 1 1
~ti t s T E S T asçurks T H E mUriTS P E R GROUF FIRE EQUaL
SUi il47RY STAT I ST II CS FGR
MG
EilRTLETT T E S T FOR HOMOGENEITY O F GRGUF VaRlANCES
1:1-t ) --SQ’IaRE
=
8 . 4 3 2 DF=
7 FROBABILITY =
,296
$,IJ lJfir:E
SUM GF S Q U A R E S DF
M EAN SQ UHRE
F
FROBaGtLITY
IJ I TH I Ii GROUPS
0.494 Em
0.006
NEldW+-KEULS t#JLT I PLE COMPAR l SONS
CIRDERED MEANS Dl F F E R H T ALFHH =
. 050 I F THE’? E X C E E D FOLLC$JI NG ~:I?FS
GAP ORDEI?
DIFFERENCE
1
c7.067
2
O.#SO
.Y
o.cm3
4
0.094
5
17.098
fJ
0.101
7
0.104
TtI I S TEST ASSUMES THE COUNTS FER GRUUP HRE EQUHL
SUMMRR’r’ STAT I ST I CS FOR
NA
B A R T L E T T T E S T F # R HOMOGENEITY c7F GROUP WIRIRNCES
11 H 1 -!c;QlJAfiE =
119.329 DF=
7 FROBHBILITY = .NKI
HNALYS I S OF VAR I HNCE
!~II lJRC:E
S U M c7F S Q U A R E S DF
M EAN
SQ UAR~
F
PROBABILITY
BETHEEN GROUFS
3 0 7 . 4 4 6
7
43.921
b
-‘,364i
0 l~i]cl
1dITHIN GROUPS
52 160
*
80
0.652
NEWMAN-KEULS MULT I PLE COMFAR I SONS
OBI?ERED MEANS PIFFER R T ALPHA =
< OS0 I
F
THE’+ EXCEED FOLLOLdI NG GAPS
GI~P ORDER
OIFFERENCE
1
0.685
2
0 822
.-
ü : -34
i
ù.961
5
1.0Q6
6
1.042
7
1 . 0 7 2
THI S TEST ASSUMES THE COUNTS PER GROUF ARE EQUAL
SUMMARlr’ STAT I St I CS FOR
K
E:FiRTLETT T E S T FOR HOMOGENEI T’r’ O F GROUF WR IANCES
C.H I -SQUARE =
12.933 DF=
7 FROBABILITY =
, 0 7 4
ANAL’6 I S OF VAR I HNCE
s u r i w SQURRES DF M EFIIJ SQ UFiRE
F
i
TIdEEN GROUFS
7 Qyl
. WbL
7
1 . 133
6.495
I:l
i:llJl:l
1.1 i TH 1 ri GR~IJPs
13.958
80
0.174
NEWMAN-KEULS MIILT I PLE COMFRR I SONS
WDEEED MEANS DIFFER R T A L P H A =
.@5ù I
F
THE? EXCEED Fc7LLW I NG GAFS
GAF ORDER
DIFFERENCE
1
0.355
2
0.425
3
0.467
4
0.437
5
0
CiTl
b.._
6
0 ,539
7
0 . 5 5 4
TI--l I S T E S T aSSlUtlES T H E COUNTS P E R GRDUP ARE EQUaL
‘T’DU A R E I r i STATS MODULE
HUN I D I TE RAC I N$S
TIHE FDLLDLd I NG RESULTS ARE FM :
TRT =
l.UOcI
TOTAL OBSERVaT I ONS :
1 1 H
N OF C A S E S
11
MEAH
lO.3d4
STaNDaRD DEV
6 . 408
THE FOLLDLJ I NG RESULTS ARE FDR :
TRT =
2.DDO
TOTHL OBSERVAT 1 @Ns :
ii H
N OF C A S E S
11
rIEmi
18 . 17.7h
STafdDRRD DEV
:3 . 058
T H E FDLLOWI NI2 ~ESULTS RRE FOR:
TRT =
3.DOO
TQTAL OBSERVAT 1 mis :
1 1 H
N OF CaSES
11
rIEaN
2 7 . 8 0 1
STHNDARD DEV
6.981
T H E FQLLOW I NG RESULTS ARE FOR:
tRT
=
4 . 0 0 0
TDTaL DBSERVHT li DNS :
11
H
N OF C A S E S
11
mari
20,864
STRNDHRD DEL’
4 . 1 2 4
THE FDLLDW I NG WESULTS ARE FDR:
TRT
=
5 . 0 0 0
TDTAL DPSERVaT 1, DNS :
11
H
IJ OF C A S E S
11
m-d i
il1 . 3 4 5
STilHDaRD DEV
4 . 0 1 3
T H E FDLLOW I riG RESULTS HRE F O R :
?RT
=
6. DD0
7 ‘-‘TII- OBSERVAT IONS :
11
H
N OF C A S E S
11
MEtvi
21.664
STRt IDARD DEV
7.374
T H E FDLLDGI I riG FjESUL .TS ARE FOR
=
I -
7.DDO
TvTnL OBC;ER~~aT:~~ o- *
b
1_ 3.
ii
H
ri OF CASES
11
riEaN
11.773
STANDARD DEU
2.235
THE FOLLDLJING RESULTS ARE FOR:
‘TRT
=
8.DOO
TOTAL OBSERVA’I’ I ONS :
1 1
H
N OF C A S E S
MEAN
12.5;;
STANDARD DEV
1 . 4 8 5
‘YJMMARS’ STAT I S:T I CS FDR
H
GtiflTLETT T E S T F O R HDMDGENE I T’r’ DF GfiDUP VAR I ANCES
C. t-l I -SQUARE =
35,225 DF=
‘i PRCWIBILITY = D.@OD
ANHLYS I Ç OF VAR I HNCE
SOURCE
SIJM OF S Q U A R E S D F MEAN SQUHRE
F
FRDBRB I L 1 T’i’
DETWEEN GRDUFS
II l TH I N GROUPS
NEWMHN-KEULS MVLT I PLE CDMPAR I SONS
DRDERE@ MERNS I!II F F E R R T ALPHR =
.DSD I F
THE+’ EXCEED FDLLDW I NG GHPS
GAP DRDER
DIFFERENCE
1
4 . 1 7 8
2
5.014
.7
5 . 5 0 9
4
5 . 8 5 9
5
6 . 1 3 0
6
6 . 3 5 0
6 . 5 3 4
THIS TEST HSSU~~ES T H E CUUNTS PER GRDUP HRE EQUHL
t’OU A R E I N STyTS M O D U L E
H U M I D I T E d ~U~TIERES M I N E R A L E S BULBES
T H E FoLLOWING \\&SULTS RRE FOR:
TRT
=
1.000
T O T A L c76SER/h?T:lC1NS: 11
H
MINER
N O F CRSES
11
11
MEHN
84.600
5.636
STAN1UARD DEU
1.322
O*S05
T H E FOLLCIWING RESULTS RRE F @ R :
ART
=
2.mo
TOTHL OBSERVHTéONS: 1
1 H
MINER
N OF CASES
11
1 1
rimd
85.491
5 . 4 5 s
STANDARD LiEY
1.854
0.522
T H E FoLLwlNC; P~ESULTS RRE FOR:
-l-RT
=
3.om
T O T A L OPSERVATiONS:
11 H
MINER
1.1 CIF CASES
11
11
MERN
85.709
5.545
STANDARD DEV
1 . 5 0 4
0 . 5 2 2
T H E FOLLOWING qESULTS ARE FOR:
l!RT
=
4.ocJo
TOTAL OBSERVATIONS:
11 H
MINER
N OF CASES
11
11
\\,
MEAN
8 5 . 9 0 3
5 . 7 2 7
STANDARD DE'J
1. 156
0.905
THE FOLLOWING RFSULTS ARE FOR:
TbT
=
5 . 0 0 0
T O T A L OBSERVRTIbtJS: ilH
MINER
N C7F C A S E S
11
11
MERri
8 6 . 7 7 3
6 . 6 3 6
STANDARD DEV
1.210
0.924
T H E FOLLOWING R SULTS ARE FOR:
ri
T,T
=
6.Q00
T O T A L OBSERVATI$NS: 11H
MINER
N OF CASES
11
11
MEAN
\\
8 5 . 5 6 4
s.r311
STHNDARD DEV
1 . 7 4 3
0.751
THE I~LL~ ING RQSULTS HRE F~R:
TdT
=
7 . 0 0 0
TOTAL QI~SERVAT~#~:
I i H
tlINER
N OF C A S E S
11
MEFIN
$6,08:
5 . 6 3 6
STANDARD CIE’..J
1.357
0 . SOS
T H E FOLLOWING REjSULTS ARE FOR:
TRiT
=
8 . 0 0 0
T O T A L O B S E R V A T I O N S : IIH
MINER
N
O
F
CHSES
11
Il
~1EFtI-I
85 vi7
. h-b
5.727
STFiNDtViD @EV
2.097
0.467
SUMMARY STAT I T I C S F U R
H
PRRTLETT TEST :FOR HOMOGENE l TV OF GRDUF WR l ANCES
ftl I -SQUAfiE =
6 . 191 D F =
7 FROGRBILITV =
,518
ANAL’6 I S OF VAR I ANCE
SI~IJR~E
SIJM OF S Q U A R E S D F MEAN S Q U A R E
F
FEDBAP I L I TY
\\
PETWEEN GRDUFg
28.963
7
4.138
1.411
,212
LJITHIN GROUFS
234.558 SD
2.932
NEWMAN-KEULS +LT I FLE CDMFAR l SONS
WiDERED rmris ,D I FFER AT ALPHA =
,050 I F THEY E X C E E D FDLLWING GfiFS
GRF DRDER
:D I FFERENCE
1
1.454
2
1.744
.?
3
1.916
4
2.038
5
2.133
6
2.209
7
2.273
THIS T E S T FIS@’ 1ES THE CDUNTS FER GRDUF ARE EQUAL
SUtlMFiR’.i’ STAT I T
! 1'ICS FOR
MINER
GARTLETT T E S T ;F'DR HOMOGENE I TY OF GRDUF WR l ANCES
CHI -SQUARE =
11.528 DF=
7 FRDBAPILITY =
, 1 1 7
ANAL$3 I S OF VAR I ANCE
SOURCE
SUM OF S Q U A R E S D F MEAN S Q U A R E
F
FRDBABILITY
BETWEEN GRDUPq
10.364
7
1.481
3.375
1717'3
II I TH 1 N GRDUFS
35.091
S D
0.433
rimmm+tmLs $LT I FLE COMFAR i smis
DR@ERED MERNS ,@ I FFER RT ALPHA =
. 050 I F THE$’ E X C E E D FDLLW I NG GAFS
GAF DRDER
1D I FFERENCE
1
0.562
2
0.675
.-,
0.741
;
0.768
5
0.825
6
0.854
7
0.879
Ttl I S TEST RSSI~ME” THE CDUNTS FER GRDUF HRE EQUAL
YDU A R E I N STfiTS M O D U L E
HIJtl ID I TE FEU I L/LES
TIHE FDLLDWI NG /RESULTS ARE FDR:
ITRT
=
1 .DDO
TOTAL OBSERVAI I DNS :
ii
H
N O F CRSES
11
MERN
21.882
STANDARD DE$
8 . 8 0 0
T H E FDLLDWINGiRESULTS ARE FOR:
i
TRT
=
2 . 0 0 0
TDTRL OESERVAj’ I ONS :
1 1
H
N DF CHSES
1 I
MEAN
3 2 . 0 1 8
STRNDRRD DE$’
1 4 . 4 6 3
THE FOLLOW I NG / ;;;“LT” ARE FOR :
=
3.om
TOTAL DBSERUAI I DNS :
11
H
N OF CASES
11
rIEFIN
23. 145
STANDARD DEI:’
ei
b 374
.+.
THE FOLLDW I NG ; RESULTS ARE FDR :
/TRT
=
4.Dcm
TOTAL OBSERVAt I ONS :
1 1 H
N DF C H S E S
11
MEAN
3 1 . 4 7 3
STANDARD DEV
8.832
T H E FOLLOW I NG /RESULTS A R E FOR:
ITRT
=
s.cm
T@TAL DBSERVRj I ONS :
11
H
N OF CASES
11
r1ERN
2 8 . 2 9 1
STANDARD DEkj
1 1 . 4 2 2
T H E FOLLDWING IRESULTS ARE FOR:
/TRT
=
%.DDO
TOTAL OPSER’JAl/IONS:
1
1 H
N O F C H S E S
11
riEmi
2 4 . 4 1 8
STANDRRD DEbl
1 1 . 6 6 5
THE FDLLOW I NG ‘RESULTS RRE FDF; :
!TET
=
7.cm
T O T A L ~~SERV~I$ I mis :
1 i
H
N OF CHSES
11
MEAN
2 7 . 4 0 9
STANDARD DECI
1 2 Cm
THE FOLLOW I NG /RESULTS ARE F@R:
;TRT
=
8 < DD0
TDTRL OBSERVAT! I mis :
1 1
H
IJ O F C A S E S
11
MEAN
:34.3$5
STRNDHRD DE\\!I
1 1 . 8 3 8
I
sUrwîRRv S T A T I s’T I cs F O R
H
BRRTLETT T E S T 1 DR HOMOGENE ITY OF GRDUF VARlANCES
CHI -SQURRE =
tci < 483 DF=
7 PRO6t76ILI Tt’ =
1 6 3
RNRLVS I S OF VAR I HNCE
SOURCE
ÇUM C7F S Q U A R E S DF MEAN SQUARE
F
FROEW3ILITY
BETCJEEN GROUFI
1 6 5 6 . 1 3 7 7
2 3 6 . 5 9 1
2.005
[lftc;
IA I TH I N GRCWS
0 4 4 0 . 8 8 2 80
llt7.c711
MEI4MAN-KEULS PikILT I FLE COMFAR l SONS
ORDERED tIEANS ;D I FFER RT ALPHA =
.05c) I
F
THE’+ EXCEED FOLLOW I NG GHFS
GRF ORlIER
DIFFERENCE
1
9.22‘2.
.-.,
L
t1.065
3
12. 157
4
12.331
5
13 , WP
b&-
6
14.013
7
1 4 . 4 2 0
THIS T E S T RSS@iES T H E COUNTS F E R GRUUF HRE EQUAL
Annexe 6: Qxédures pour la paramétrisation des modèles
YO11 ARE I N NOtjL l N MODULE
MODELE NON LI EAIRE U T I L I S E : bulbes=uD*ca + al*ice”n21
LOSS FUNCT ION “1II S LEAST SQUARES
ITERATION
j
LO$S
PARAMETER UHLUES
ü.;7lQlQ56D+ü5 O.DüOüD+üüO.DOüüD+üüO.üOüDD+üü
0 .I3719596D+üS 0.32260+010.7416D+000.00000+00
O.b531546D+O5 0.3077D+01@.1#47D+010.4024D+00
O.b383587D+05 0.177~D+010.1070D+02-.1549D+00
0.11302312D+O5 0.35940+000.18740+020.16930-01
O. a691425D+O4 -.1745D+010.3059D+020. 1680D+DO
0. 004856D+O4 -.2#330+010.3867tI+020.20370-01
0. 459289#+04 -.2267D+010.3477D+020.6724D-01
0. l 4081720+04 -.2457D+010.3584D+020.6445D-01
0. 397246D+04 -.2606D+010.36400+020.6954D-01
0. 275537o+ü4 - .31470+010.3523R+020.14220+00
0. 178139#+04 -.3872D+010.3326D+020,2332D+00
0. 111184DtO4 -.3985D+010.3285D+020.2354D+uù
0 . l015267D+OJ -.5002D+010.3390@+020.2Q4~Dtüü
l),~Q63QOQ#+O4
-.5:~36#+010,331~#+02O,~~~~#t~~
O.~Q40177D+04
-.5853D+010.3285D+020.35Q0Dt00
O.f921204D+O4 -.6:334D+010.3319@+020.3813D+00
0.~901588D+O4 -.6625D+010.33700+020.387üDt0ü
7301D+010.3363@+020.4236D+00
8720840+04 -.8004D+010.33350+020.4589D+00
8384D+010.33730+020.47180+00
83410+010.3395D+020.4653D+00
6693D+010.3403D+020.4797D+00
-.9147D+010.3418D+020.4368D+00
6279D+010.3423D+020.5006D+0ü
9576D+010.3441D+020,5 10 lD+OO
97340+010.3451D+020.5150D+00
9816D+010.3455#+020.5173Dt0ü
99110+010.3459D+020.5206#+0~
9895D+010.3458D+020.5200D+00
9901D+010.3459D+020.5202Dt0ü
.9903ü+#10.3459D+020.52D2CJ+00
9903D+010,3459D+020,5202~+0ü
9903D+010.3459D+020.52ü2D+00
9903#+010.3459#+020.52ü2l300
9903D+010*3459D+020*5202D+00
-.9903D+010.3459D+020.5202D+00
DEPENDENT WtRI BLE IS
BULBES
FINAL VALUE OF LOSS FUNCT I ON I S
4 8 5 4 . 2 4 9
FARAHETER EST ItjATES
I HDEX
LABE/L
EST I MATE
STANDARD ERRÜR
1
Rü
:
-4
-,
PV
,,a
S.951
2
Fil
34.557
4.786
3
fi2
0,520
0.28ü
CORRELAT ION MATP I X OF PARFIMETER EST I MI?TES
A0
Al
fl2
nü
l.OOü
Al
:
-ü.971
l*ùOO
Fi2
-0.938
0.956
1.000
MDDELE N O N LINEfVRE U T I L I S E : ca=aO*<ce"al>
LOSS FUNCT ION : I S LEAST SQURRES
ITERATION
LQSS
FRRRMETER URLUES
0
0 .\\242D 17 lD+D3 0. DDDDD+DDU, 50DDD+Dù
1
0 ./26?86 15D+D2 0 . 7 8 16D+DDD. SODDD+DD
.-,L
0.~21753200+02 0.8158D+000.3442D+00
3
ù;l959885D+02
0.8587D+000.3#83D+00
4
nh66892D+02 0.9107Dt000.3265Dt00
5
~1:~17561620+02
0.1033Dt010.2600Dt00
6
O.~l717571D+O2 0.1183D+010.2038D+00
7
dl714097D+U2
0.1153D+01ü.2152D+00
8
d171337lD+02
0. 1146D+010.218lD+00
9
0.;17 1397lDtO2 0.11470+010*2178D+00
10
0,~171397lD+02 0. 1146D+010.218lD+00
11
ùjl71397UD+02
0. 1146D+010.2180D+00
1 2
U.p713J70D+02
0.1147D+010.2173D+UO
1.3
O.~l71397OD+O2 0.1146D+010.2179D+00
1 4
0,1713970D+02
C~.ll46D+010.2180D+Q0
1 5
Cti1713970Dt02 0. ll46D+010.2180D+00
1 6
0,h71397üD+02
0. 1146D+#10,2i80D+00
1 7
0: 171397DD+D2 0.1146D+0lCl.2180D+00
1 8
0!1713370D+02
0.1146D+01ù.2180D+00
DEFENDENT VRRIRBLE IS
d
CA
F IHRL VALUE 0, LDSS FUNCTIDN l S
17.140
FRRHMETER EST (MATES
I NDEX
LRE/EL
EST I MATE
STANDARD ERRDR
1
RD i
1.146
O*ù53
7.
L
Al
0.218
0 . 0 2 5
CORRELRTION Pif/TRlX OF FRRRMETER EST1 MRTES
a0
FI1
AO
l.OOC!
Al
4 * 725
1.000
r1UDELE NON LlqERlRE U T I L I S E : my=aD*<ceAal>
LOSS FUNCTIDN [IS LEAST SQUARES
ITERATION
LCGS
FRRRMETER ‘JRLUES
ci
D.i276854DD+02 ~.~DDDD+DCJ~.~~~DD+~~
1
0~154639OD+Ol
0.2724D+000.50~OD+#0
2
0~1102828D+01
0.284lD+000.33630+00
3
ù.j8038476D+00 0,289lD+000,3724D+00
4
Qt7335849D+00 0,3002D+000.3763ll+ù0
5
0,;5556023D+00 0.355DD+DDD.2948D+DD
6
Oj5566348OtOO
0.38200+000.2426D+00
7
D./5565782D+DD
ü.3817D+000.2439D+00
8
035565727DtUO 0.3813D+OOO.2437D+UO
'2
d5565723Dt00 0.3820D+000.2435D+00
117
0.~55657230+0~ 0.38200+000.24350+00
1:
0~5565723D+DD
D.3#2DD+#0D.2435D+DD
0 .;5565723D+DD D .382DD+DDù. 2435D+OD
13
c3 /5565723D+DD 0.382DD+000.2435D+OD
DEFENDENT UAR IhBLE I S
M G
FINAL IJRLUE 04 LDSS FUNCT I DN I S
0 . 5 5 7
FRRRPIETER ESTjMHTES
I NDEX
EST I MATE
STANDARD ERROR
1
0.382
0 . 0 1 7
2
Al
0.244
0.025
CORRELRT l ON MR;trR I X OF FARAMETER EST I MHTES
A0
Al
Fio
1.000
Ri
-0.937
1 . 000
M O D E L E N O N L I N AIRE U T I L I S E : na=aO*~ceӟl~
F
LOSS FUHCTION /IS LEAST SQUARES
I
ITERATION
LOSS
FARAMETER UALUES
0
0.h13324D+O3 0.100DD+010.5000D+00
1
O.hi63431DtO3 0. 1053D+010.65200+00
2
0!73246370+02 O.5356D+OOO.9319D+OO
3
0.~6706714DtO2 D.4915D+OOO.l028D+Ol
4
0./64466550+02 0.3260D+000.1173D+01
5
O.f6097077DtO2 0.38880+000.1123D+01
6
0./58853850+02 0.3265D+000.1208D+01
7
U.t58456#0D+02 0,2902D+000.125QD+01
8
O.;5827639D+02 0.2915D+OOO.l263D+01
g
O./5824611D+O2 0.2846DtOOO. 1275D+Ol
1 0
Oj5824472D+O2 0.2824D+OOD.l278D+Ol
11
0.582447iD+02 0.2824D+000. 1278DtOl
1 2
i
0,15824471D+O2 0.2824D+OOO.l278D+C'l
1 3
0.5824471Dto2 0.28240+000.12780+01
1 4
0,5824471D+O2 0.2824DtOOü. 1278DtO1
@EFENOENT VAR lhBLE l S
NA
l= I NRL VALUE SF/ LOSS FCrNCT IOtJ I S
58.245
FARAMETER EST Ii MATES
l NDEX
LREjEL
ESTIMATE
STANDARD ERROR
1
A0 :
0.282
0.049
2
FI1
:
1.278
0.073
C~IEEELATION MI~ITRIX OF FARAMETER ESTIMATES
A0
A l
AO
i
1.000
Al
-0.986
1.000
l
MODELE NON Lit EAIRE U T I L I S E : k=aO*c~! + c!l*<ce”n2>
1
LQSS FUNCTION,IS LEAST SQUARES
\\
ITERRTION
: LOSS
FARAMETER VALUES
ü
o1 1118873DtO4 0.Oo00D+OoO.DOOOD+D0o<ooooDtoo
12
Oj3780464DtO3
0.4727DtOO0.9771D-OlO.@OOOD+DO
OI 17952210+03 -.iO09Dt000.4065Dt010.1799DtOO
3
0~1625634DtO3
-8 4046DtOD0.6158DtDl-.5685D-01
4
o! 178243ODtO2 -.13330+000.43670+01-.1878D-01
5
üi 1497105D+O2 -.9002D-D10.4082D+Ol-. 1305D-01
6
Oi1487054DtO2
-.8209D-010.4021D+01-.ll4lD-01
7
0~1485538DtO2
-.8317D-010.38~5DtOl-a77550-02
8
0[1480533D+O2
-.9236D-010.3966D+010.31150-02
4
0; 1456443DtO2 -, 1533D+000.3#44D+010.7371D-01
1 0
oi 1450937D+O2
~264D+000.3722Dt010.l58lD+OO
-...
0~1441921D+02
-, 1954D+000.3783D+010.1214D+00
1;
üi 14418540+02 -. 1865D+OO0.3785D+010.l223D+ùO
1 3
ci/ 1441845D+D2 -. 1368D+0DD.3784DtD10.1227DtOO
1 4
O'1441841DtO2 -a 1963DtOO0.3384Dt01O,l225DtOO
1 5
0.1441839DtO2
-3 1355D+000.3785D+010.12160+00
16
0. 144183~Dt#2 -, 19540+000.37e5D+010.1215DtQ0
1 7
0.1441835Dt02 -a 1954D+000.3785D+010.1215D+00
18
O.l441839D+O2 -.1954D+OOù.3785D+010.1215D+00
1 9
0.1441839D+02 -.1954D+ù00.37850+01ù.1215D+00
20
CI. 1441839D+02 -.1954D+DDD.3785D+DlD.l215D+DD
21
0.1441839D+CG! -.1954D+Oü0.3785D+01ü.1215D+00
DEFENDENT VAR l APLE I S
K
F I N A L V A L U E OF L D S S FUNCTIÜN IS
14.418
FARAMETER EST I MATES
I N@EI:
LABEL
EST I MHTE
STRNDHRD ERRÜR
1
Aü
-0. 195
ü . cm
-
Al
3.785
cl. 136
3
A 2
0.122
ù.075
CDRRELAT I ON MHTR l X OF FARAMETER EST I MATES
AO
Al
A2
Aü
l.QOO
Al
0.686
l.DOü
H2
-0.977
-0.815
l.ùüO
M O D E L E NDN L I N E A I R E U T I L I S E : f e u i I les=~CL*ce + al*<ceAnZII \\
LDSS FUNCTIDN IS L E A S T S Q U A R E S
ITERATION
LÜSS
FARAMETER VALUES
ù
0.1221841D+03 0.00000+000.00000+000.0000D+00
1
0,502262SD+O2
0.1473D+000.3#47D-010.0000D+00
2
ü.1487582Dt02 -.3144D-010. 1266D+OlO.l736D-01
3
O.l47733QD+O2
-.3192D-010.1269D+010.3115D-02
4
ü.l475947D+02
-.2897D-010.l249D+ülü.Qüü7D-ü3
5
ü.l475898D+ü2
-.29llD-ülü.l247D+0lü.l284D-02
6
0,1475586D+02
- .3215D-ülü.1236D+010.1374D-01
7
ci. 1474#26D+02 -.40llD-010.1217D+010,4663D-~l
:s
0,1474657D+ü2
-.4651D-01ü.1207D+010.7085D-ül
9
0,1474630D+ü2
-.44760-010.1212D+Ol@.6332D-01
10
ü.i474629D+02
-.4550D-010.1210D+010.5620D-01
11
ü.l47462QD+O2
-.4499D-010.1211D+01ü.641~D-ü1
1 2
ü.l474629D+ü2
-.4521D-01ü.1211D+01ü.65ü2D-ü1
1 3
0.147462QDt02
-.4527D-010.1211D+010.6522D-01
1 4
0.1474629Dt02
-.4527D-ü10.12llD+010.6524D-01
1 5
ü.l474629D+O2
-.4527D-010.1211D+01ü.6523D-01
1 6
0,147462QD+02
-.4527D-010.12llD+0lO,6523D-OI
1 7
ü.l47462QD+ü2
-.4527D-01ü.1211D+010.6523D-01
DEF?ENDENT VAR IHBLE I S FEUILLES
F INHL VALUE OF LÜSS FUNCT ION 15
14.746
FARAMETER EST I MATES
I N@EZ<
LRBEL
EST I MATE
STANDARD ERROR
1
A@
-0.045
0.067
rJ3
A2 fil
ci.065 1.211
0.241 0.151.
CDRRELATION IIATRIX OF PARRMETER ESTIMATES
AO
Al
A2
ACI
1.000
Al
0.736
1.000
AZ
-4 < 976
-0.854
l.OUO
NÜDELE NON LINEA IRE UTILISE: twcitws=uü*ce + r7 l*~ce~'c72~
LOSS FUNCTIDN I S LEAST SQUARES
ITERHTIÜN
LÜSS
FARAMETER VALUES
0 47386610+02 D.@DOUD+DDO.OODOD+ODD.DDODD+DD
0,2220782D+ù2 0.8703D-O10.187QD-010.0000D+ùO
0,11248DOD+O2 -.Q831D-OtO.l2QQD+OlD. 117OD-Dl
O.l112443D+O2 -.QQ17D-010.1305D+01-.7322D-02
0.6313285D+Ot
-.4448D-OiO.Q454D+OO-.2338D-02
0.60523360+01 - .305BD-DlD,#42QD+DD-.6327D-03
0.6041197D+Dl
-.3177D-010.8361D+000.2913D-02
0.6031903D+01 -.3494D-010.8349D+000.13490-01
D.S902592D+Ol -.7132D-010.7948D+000.18120+00
0.5873529D+Ol
-.8607D-010.7756D+000,2512D+00
0.58627750+01
-.S77!30-010.7494D+000.269~D+00
0.585Q3OOD+Cll -.8851D-DlD.7569D+OOO.268DD+OD
0.5855231D+#l
-.9352D-D1O.76lDD+OOD.2~OQD+OD
#.584915OD+Dl -. 1031D+000.77#0D+000.2994D+0D
D,5847511D+Dl -.1164D+000.7595D+000.3456D+00
0.584294DD+Ol -.1135D+000.7594D+000.3363D+0
D.S839972D+Ol -. 1148D+ODO.7574D+OOD.33Q4D+O~ 7
0.5838268D+Dl -9 1216D+000.7554D+000.3567D+00
0.583725DDtDl -,1272D+D00,7557D-+-000.37lOD+OO
0.5837096Dt0 t -, 1329DtOOO. 757 tD+OOD. 384 IDcOO
0.5836967D+Dt -. 1311D+000.75730+000.3793D+@D
0.5836926DtOl -.1325D+000.7573D+OOD.3825D+DD
0.583691#D+Oi -.1333D+D0#.7574D+000.38440+00
0.58369 17D+D 1 -a i334D+DDD.7574D+D00.38460+U0
0.5836917D+Ol -.1335D+ODD.7574D+D00.3846D+OO
@.5836917D+Ol -. 1335D+DD0.7574D+DD0.31460+00
0.58369 17D+O 1 - . 1335D+DD0.7574D+D00.3846D+OO
#.5836917D+Ot -.1335D+000.7574D+D00.3846D+OO
0.5836917D+Ol -.13350+000.75740+000.38460+00
D E F E N D E N T UARIABLE IS R A C I N E S
FI NHL URLUE OF LDSS FUNCT I ON I S
5.137
FARAMETER EST I MATES
/ NDEX
LREEL
ESTIMATE
STANDARD ERRDR
1
A0
- 0 . 1 3 3
0 . 1 1 1
2
Al
D.757
0.046
3
A 2
0.365
0.254
CORRELHT I ON MRTR I X OF FRRAMETER EST I HATES
FI0
HI
H2
A0
1 .QOO
Al
-0.282
1.000
AL
-cl.991
0.156
1. ùOO
M O D E L E NON L I N E A I R E U T I L I S E : H=~O*C~ + al*tce*aLI
LDSS FUNCT ION t S LEAST SDUARES
ITERATION
LOSS
FARAHETER VALUES
1)
0.36Oü967Dtü5 O.OOODD+OOO.DODDD+OOO.ODOüDi-Dü
1
D.l6Q7807D+DS O.2391D+010.5289D+0OO.OOODD+OO
2
0.1562438Dt05 0.2123D+010.24450+010.4948D+00
3
0, 102733DDtD5 0. 142 lD+D 10.7227D+O 10.3670[3-02
4
O.QD076DQD+O4 0.8829D+DOO. 1054D+D2-.1622D+OO
5
D.S@78DQ8D+D4 -, 1427D-OlO.l444D+020. 1112DtDD
6
0.45360540+04 -. 64090+000.17430+020.20180+0b
7
13.307506 ID+04 - . lD79D+O 10,2077D+O20. 1060DtDO
8
0.2873646DtD4 -.1647D+010.2433D+020.7330D-ùl
9
0.2832304Dt04 -.1567D+OlD.2364D+020.9342D-01
10
0,2829648D+04 - , 162QD+010.2386D+O20.Q86lD-01
11
0,2747462D+D4 -.2628D+#10.2334D+020.228lD+OO
12
0.27200870+04
-.3ùi7D+010.226OD+O20.2S77D+Oü
0.270713QD+04 - 32 18D+O 10.2 182D+O20,3 195D+OO
0.26356530+04 - 3337D+010.2202D+020.3279D+00
0.2692555D+O4 - 3641D+010.2256D+020.3424D+00
0.2687827D+O4 - 3828D+OiD.2233D+O20.364:3D+DD
0.2682652D+O4 - 3930D+010.2214D+020.3746D+00
0.267782DD+D4 - 4411D+010.2220D+020.4127D+00
0.2674575D+O4 - 45 lOD+O 10.2238[33+020.4 147DtOO
0.267218 iD+O4 - 4835D+010.2249D+020.43640+00
0 . 2 6 7 11330+04 - 5 152D+O 10.225OD+O20.4570D+OO
0.2670874D+O4 - 5256D+O10.2255D+02D.J63JD+DO
0 1267083 iD+O4 - 5339D+Di0.2264D+020.4666D+OD
1-1 2670779D+O4 - 5412D+010.2263D+020.4717D+00
ii : 2670766D+O4 - 5407D+O 10.2263D+020.47 1 lD+OO
0,2670763D+O4 - 5428D+O 10.2265D+020.4722D+OO
0,2670762D+O4 - 5435D+010.22650+020.4726D+00
0.2670762DtO4 - 5436D+OiD.2265D+020.4727D+OO
29
CI, 267&‘62D+&j - 5436D+DlD.2265D+D2D,4727D+DD
3 0
0.26707620+04 - 5436D+010.2265D+020.47270+00
31
0.2670762D+O4 - 5436D+OiD.2265D+D20.4727D+UO
DEFENDENT VAR I RPLE I S
H
\\
F I NHL UALCIE OF LDSS FUNCT I ON i S
2670,762
FFtRRMETER E S T I M A T E S
I NDEX
LHBEL
ESTIMATE
STANDARD ERROR
1
Fi0
- 5 . 4 3 6
2 . 9 1 5
3
a2 Al
22.648 0.473
0. 1.440 167
CORRELATION MATRIX OF FARAMETER ESTIMATES
A0
a i
A2
A0
1 . 0 0 0
A l
- 0 . 7 8 2
1 .O#O
A2
- 0 . 9 9 2
0.701
1.000