L m w P t . 1 Voandzcin ...
L
m w
P
t
.
1
Voandzcin subtcrr3nca is an undor cxpl.oitcd tropical lcgumo -
Novorthclcss, it is ;1 vcry imp3rtont nutritionnûl trop for africûn
Dura1 pouplc. for focd soif-sufficicncy, thc improvmcnt of
Vuqndzcia subtcrranca
p r o d u c t i o n ( y i o l d 3nil n u t r i t i v e v~luc~)
morit s intcnsibic rescnrchcs. lKI: Prosont thc rslluwing rcscûrch
pr~gr~rn which includcs thrcr: topics,
l- Bioloc_licnl Nk:rogon Fixation by V;iundzoia subtcrrnnca
1 . 1 “N Tsolûtion of Rhizabiun Scrains
1.2 - L; t u rl y :J " cffcctivcnoss
nnc! c3npatitiuoncss
of Hhizobium Strains.
i
1 . 3 ” 9010 (:If Vcsiculûr :lnd ,WbU3ClJ.l.ar ~~)~Corrhizû
o n tho biol!;cjical nitrogcn fixation.
7
L - Improvmcnt 3f Vonn(!zci2 subtc,rr:~nc2 Gcrmplasm ( f o r
h i y h c r y i c l d )
3 - Study Woandzoin subtorrûnon d.isL!nscs.
-
Thoso rosoarchos cuill bc: COndiICtOd i
n thc fromowurk of Wcst Africa
ilIIIC;N :lnd should bo 3 3 ycarc:; Pcrisd, Tho total budget roquircd
is q2G.c7:2 U S d o l l a r s .
1 n t he ‘!eue3,13:Jp:i :‘q LounT.ric? 3, speciail!/ at tllk? sc!ili
arid tropics i n Africa, thL food availability and qualit) is a
social a n d [JCJlitical [lr~~b~~~i;l, 1t is very important for thosc
countriez, t o develop t;hc rcsearch o n tho nutritional crops wllich
are thc resources for the f'uturo, On this point of vieu, VoanlAzeia
-
-
subterranea, also knoc~n au Oaci bara groundnut in Plali, Gajanqa (1)
in Sencgal is a materi.e.1 of' choice,
TO OU~ knowledga in Senegal,, no breeding progran on
Voandzeia subterranea has over been conducted urhereas ;Jrachis
hypoqaea and Viqna unrluiculata nz.ve been iltensively studicri,
However , 'Je hûVC! actua1.1y
10 cultiva;:,- of Voandzoia subterrcr:cz
-
fror-, t h e " E c o l e Fiormalo SU~” Lieurc’l o f BAMAKO (Flali) . VoandLe::s
subterranza , probably coulci play a signifiant role ir, thc i-lut::i-
tional balance of Uhe rJra1 neople (2).
Voandïeia subterracca -js
al sti PSef Ul iri CrtJ[, r Cl t ma it 1. 0 i; :5 , for it contributes n i
trosjer-i to ti;e
soi.]. , wtlic/-i benefils s.i:i)seciuer,+;
CL?O~S, specially the cereals,
Giological T:ii. Lro<jon Fixation which FS a major Zay i;o
provide nitrogen to crops is particulary studied .in thc follo~~ing
legumes : Glycine E, /.;raC/;is, Viqna, I-/o~cvcr, c:cr kno\\21etigC
about Riological T,litrcgcn F i x a t i o n by VoandZeia subterrai.lt:a i:;
s c a r c e eXcep t f o r 3. BClS’TI[)‘S r e p o r t elhich n o t i c e thak :I;oe::ir’ic
Rhiïobiun strains bave boei, i'ound in experiments at :JIF'rii{- in
tfwaii. In the semi-arid re::t$.cns where thc soi1 s are poor, 'i;Jit:
Vesicular and ArbuscAar
R)‘cGrrhi:Ca (VAPI) zan play an impurtan
roll? in the grouw th of pl;lr:ts
by improving the nutr.it.io,-loi !.!lcrncnts,
spccially phosphorus. Thoi:,
i;ho ondomycorrhi.Za
cciritribute iridi rcctly
ai tlle 3iologicc!l :di Lro!jui-i ;'ixztion, The double .i.nocul~~-vi.(.:;, 3f'
VoandZeia subtcrronca by ;;i.!izo bim and ondomyço~~hi~:a co!.~ltl iro/jrc>vc
tl7 e ;f i f? i. d s i 17 fi c 3. cl .
3
Comparati-Je nutritiona values in '100 g of seed
-
-
-
of Voandzeia subterranea 9
-
-
-
_--
-.
.-GIC
.
.
.
:*
.
species
: Calories IProtein(g)I
---_ -
Lipid (g)iGlucid IA):
-
-
-
.
.
.
_---
-
-
s
.
(1)
;
: Arachis hypogaea
587
473
%4,6
:
24,8
I
I
I
--
.
(2)
i
. Vigna unguicu1at.a
342
I
2 :5 ) 1
i
l,4
:
61,4
I
-
-
.
01:
: Voandzeia subterranea ,
412
I
,7>,(3)i
(37
j
i
7232
--
.
.
.
.
.
u
.
.
. ..y--
-
--
-.
(7) Tropical legumes = Reso~rces for the future (ROSTIII report: - Natiorla7.
Academy of .Scier,ces 2979 -l Washington D.C..)
G 0
cc, t-3 0 E
5 m
cn
2
-aLT
0 7
E-’
t-. i-J t-’
L-3 Y
o- v
.
. L r. c-t
r?- 5
f l
u P C!
13 r.
,-.
‘WI
w
rt-
3 3
-- i _.
,- ..- .
i
--
(-
-J l-
1-1.
-
125 -
Dj. i‘i'CrC;ICO ïJL?thod
11----1----..m.--...-
126 - [;~f~termiriaJcicrl o f 142 f‘ixcti ilsinG
-~-----~-"-----1--------I-----i
L?IEZ ;! nathod (FRIED, I~I. and DRtlEStIF#;T, i- ,, ly?75)
a~B,...--..m."m1-1
ThtZ cstirnüticr: UF tiK4 PJ2 fixaticri rat5 lJil]- L)e doi-io
according to the "A valce" ii;ct!loC using 15 !j.
13 - fomp~i;i.VCnc:sY
:.:Y rihizobium strains ( b y
GUE~& i.].:
-
131 - TJN~?J iztion o f ‘
flucirCsCLnt
ûmib0di.L:;
_---------I-“--__---_II___L______
specif io i ty will bc contra 11~3 I That Will. be done at ORSTOM
laboratory by M. GTEYF: for the two strains. This should takc 2
months.
1.3.2 -. Dc-tecting
‘I -_-- --- Rhizobia in the soi1
-----.“-------^--Y--_-
Millipore îilters membranes label.led wich indi,an ink Will
be used. Soi?. suspension will/\\:attered in a Waring Blender and
floatted by Ca
(OH), - M,gCOj : 2-5 (weight t o Freight), then f i l -
tered o n the membranes, After that > Gelatine-Rhodamine ITC a.nd
fluori:scent antibody will De putted on the membranes.
The fi,?al preparü tion wiil be observed on a fluorescent
microscope.
1.3.3 _I. Detecting Rhizobia in thc nodules
” .-.-. ^-m-w ---.--_------_-..-_--___I_
The nodui.es ~!oll~~~ct~d tr?m thc root systerns of Voandzeia
subterranm a r e w2.shed in sterile w?ter ::nd t h e i r s u r f a c e sterilized
by a 30 s immersion in ethanol 95 %. The nodules are then crushed
with a nterile glass rod in tubes containing 1 ml of sterilc water,
Thon, two or t?:ree draps of thc: Rhi.zr,bium suspension obtained are
-
-
-
spreud on a slidie e Then, rluorescent sntibody is applied on each
dried drap. Aftczr 30 mn of incubati.on in humidi? enciosure at. room
temperat.ure)
thé slide is washed > The final preparntion is observcd
on a fluorescent microscope,
1 . 3 > 4 -- iup;;s-r-qui.red (With astcrisks,:i.nputs
w-w--
tc be paid on. Grant ‘s funds)
1.. 4 ..’ Role of
- - - - endomycorrhiza in Bioloqical Nitrogen
-
, Fixation in Voandzeia subterranea (by GUEYE,M)
- -
The aim of this phase is (i) t o im;>cove t h e Eiological
Nitrogen Fixation and (ii) to study the kinetic of P-uptake In
Voandzeia subterranea inoculated by Glomus mosseae and the most
-
-
-
effective and most corn--71.itive strain of Rhizohium.
1.,4.1 - Mycorrhizal
-
i n f e c t i o
^--------.~---Y--.--..-n
According rify PHILIPS and HAYMAN (? 970) 9 the system of
mycorrhized plants is colored and examincd under a dissecting
microscope for assessment of infection by VAM fungus. A sample of
fies h root system is cleared i n 10% KOH a t 90°C: f o r 1 h^ur. .4fter
rising, the sample is staincd with 0,1X trypar, blue in lactophenol
for 5mn. After rinsi.ng, the root segments are mounted on the bottszrn
of a petri dish and are examined under a disseeting microscope to
check f o r the presence o f ves~cules 2nd arbusc!nles.
1.4.2 .- Imnroving
-.-L-..--.m Biolopical Nitrogen
..w-.,.s--2--,-,,,-,-
Fixation
-------I.w-y
V. subterranea will be cultivaced on sterile soi.1 in pots-
There are many treatments :
R : plant 2, inoculated only with the most effective and the
most ccmpet,itive Hhizobium strain ;
RM : Plants inoculat.ed with (i) the same Rhizobitim and
.-
(ii) Glomus mosseae ;
- -
RF : Plants inoculated wi.th the same Rhizobium receiving
solutble phosphcrus a.t 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm,
\\
There are 2 plants by pot and C; pots by treatment, The
improvcmrnt o f RNF‘ wi:Ll be evnluateà b y ?;hc incrcasc of dry weight;
yield c-lnd total N content,
- a :‘c;urt;h ph?se * the mycorrhizel ?tcti:rity is stabll~.
therc are two treatments :
R f F12nts inoculatrd with thc most efft:ctive 2nd most
cc,mp(?titive strriin Rhizobium
-
- ;
RM : Plants inr:sulat~.d with the same Rhizobium and Glomus
-
mosseae. Al1 plants Will received phosphcrus at low level (10 ppm).
/
i ^
1.4.4 - QQ;ip,Egguired
- - - .-
.- :
- dissecting micr?sc,:jpe.
1,4.-j - T i m e table :
- - - - - - - - - -
Improving RNF
>
April to july 1984
kin?tic c>f P-uptake
1
1.5 -" Fitiid experiments * (by GUYYE, M. 2nd NDIAYE, .tiJI.>
-
-
The purpcse %s :;Q dCterminewethef yield of Voandzeia
subterranea may be increased by ingculating with the most vfféctive
.and czmpetitive strain c:f Rhizcbium 2nd with the endomyccrrhize
Glomus mosseat?. The field experiments will be conducted at Nisrc
(500 'kms from Dakar).
1 r I
î ] " A - FieJd triais
--,=-,,,----
1..5.1*1 "- Inoculum
--...---."-- Ereparation
BM .---.a..--- :
Pe~t is thc support r\\f Rhizobium innculum. The quality g:if
-
-
the inoculum will be controlled.
AlginatC p!‘lyac?gl amide: wil.11 be the support of VAM inoculum
(DIEN et al., 19811,
-
-
3. ,5 11 i 2 - Field
m---e- olotc
k.-,-z desi&n
--..---
:
The fielc! tria1 will be ccnducted as NIFTAL pr-ject fGr
the international nt?tw::rk 3' l?gumc- incculatifin triais.
,. :. ‘,
ïr;ptits rcquirud
? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ?
--------.. ..---..
_ 2 ~2 1 z ( 3 :j CIOC! - : 3 17 il 0 km
4 OU0 lîtrcs
- ,f 2 r rnc nt or
1
- fir2.l.d u,::rks (Piold prcp::C:tior:s,
furtiiizors, sowing, tcmpornr)
l.abi,r(!rs) *
I+!I diys
J f w 0 r k
- fcnccs fi
+
- fi3lcl
:Jilsr?rVc!r,
sûmpling, crzpin +
30 days
0 f WCJlYk
- g?oiyz2:,
- olestic b;!gs $ and p~pcr ba*zs *
1 , ci 0 0
Thc purp;,sc! of this uork ic: (i) to idcni..ify tho main disoasos
i;? Loandzcla subtorranou
2nd (ii) trs dosiqn nuthods f o r controlL7g thc
i! ir, c. 7 s %, I.; , 2t:s2r~~2at;iins
ail.1 bc made Lrn t h o fic.ld ;?xpcrimcnts
( 0 2nd
1 ,5) i:;Lluding.
n- rlis2aso inpgct o n t h c yicld
b- tl;c, study ::f’ approprinto mcrlium f’or thc isolation
t hl! multipiicntion nnd thz prcscrvation :If difforont
discns<; nrgnnisons (loaf func,i, bruchids Etc.)
2,; - 'n~uLs roquirzd :
--WI-..- w--w-
13
,? short tc(;hnicai. bulletin illustrnting tho boncfits 2nd
khr: iJ i ïcctioi-i f o r 1;sc <If thesc inocula Uri11 bc givun to onch user.
14
CL-I
C:
C\\
.
.
i 8’34
., 16 374
-~
^.
.
1
1
44c
:.
1 44G
1 440
.
1
080
;
1 083
.
1 080
3 240
.
2cxl
.
.
.p
.l, 4
rc 0
_.
.
.
7-i =t 0
-7l a- 0
. .
.>
D
i
“Y
-Y--+ 3 8
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
. 1
Cd
ru T-i Ln
zt Lr z
,.
03 a3
u3
0
,
b-
If-\\
if\\
.
.”
!<.
.
20
.
rQ
c--- 3 0
.
.
.
I
I
r3 M c;
.
I l
I
. ‘1 a
,.
.
.
.,
ru
&
,>
,.
10 I 0
r-
u3
s:
t-
ul
h.
. .
UNE
0
\\
. .gzg 000
_,
.
0
.
,.
0
.”
22
Ycar 3
Total
7.000
21 .~Otl
2.333
6.999
1,?50
5.250
2.333
6.999
1.744
5.232
6.000
16.500
2.400
6.600
1.8QO
4.350
6.OOC
.16.500
31 .360
90.030
m w
P
t
.
1
Voandzcin subtcrr3nca is an undor cxpl.oitcd tropical lcgumo -
Novorthclcss, it is ;1 vcry imp3rtont nutritionnûl trop for africûn
Dura1 pouplc. for focd soif-sufficicncy, thc improvmcnt of
Vuqndzcia subtcrranca
p r o d u c t i o n ( y i o l d 3nil n u t r i t i v e v~luc~)
morit s intcnsibic rescnrchcs. lKI: Prosont thc rslluwing rcscûrch
pr~gr~rn which includcs thrcr: topics,
l- Bioloc_licnl Nk:rogon Fixation by V;iundzoia subtcrrnnca
1 . 1 “N Tsolûtion of Rhizabiun Scrains
1.2 - L; t u rl y :J " cffcctivcnoss
nnc! c3npatitiuoncss
of Hhizobium Strains.
i
1 . 3 ” 9010 (:If Vcsiculûr :lnd ,WbU3ClJ.l.ar ~~)~Corrhizû
o n tho biol!;cjical nitrogcn fixation.
7
L - Improvmcnt 3f Vonn(!zci2 subtc,rr:~nc2 Gcrmplasm ( f o r
h i y h c r y i c l d )
3 - Study Woandzoin subtorrûnon d.isL!nscs.
-
Thoso rosoarchos cuill bc: COndiICtOd i
n thc fromowurk of Wcst Africa
ilIIIC;N :lnd should bo 3 3 ycarc:; Pcrisd, Tho total budget roquircd
is q2G.c7:2 U S d o l l a r s .
1 n t he ‘!eue3,13:Jp:i :‘q LounT.ric? 3, speciail!/ at tllk? sc!ili
arid tropics i n Africa, thL food availability and qualit) is a
social a n d [JCJlitical [lr~~b~~~i;l, 1t is very important for thosc
countriez, t o develop t;hc rcsearch o n tho nutritional crops wllich
are thc resources for the f'uturo, On this point of vieu, VoanlAzeia
-
-
subterranea, also knoc~n au Oaci bara groundnut in Plali, Gajanqa (1)
in Sencgal is a materi.e.1 of' choice,
TO OU~ knowledga in Senegal,, no breeding progran on
Voandzeia subterranea has over been conducted urhereas ;Jrachis
hypoqaea and Viqna unrluiculata nz.ve been iltensively studicri,
However , 'Je hûVC! actua1.1y
10 cultiva;:,- of Voandzoia subterrcr:cz
-
fror-, t h e " E c o l e Fiormalo SU~” Lieurc’l o f BAMAKO (Flali) . VoandLe::s
subterranza , probably coulci play a signifiant role ir, thc i-lut::i-
tional balance of Uhe rJra1 neople (2).
Voandïeia subterracca -js
al sti PSef Ul iri CrtJ[, r Cl t ma it 1. 0 i; :5 , for it contributes n i
trosjer-i to ti;e
soi.]. , wtlic/-i benefils s.i:i)seciuer,+;
CL?O~S, specially the cereals,
Giological T:ii. Lro<jon Fixation which FS a major Zay i;o
provide nitrogen to crops is particulary studied .in thc follo~~ing
legumes : Glycine E, /.;raC/;is, Viqna, I-/o~cvcr, c:cr kno\\21etigC
about Riological T,litrcgcn F i x a t i o n by VoandZeia subterrai.lt:a i:;
s c a r c e eXcep t f o r 3. BClS’TI[)‘S r e p o r t elhich n o t i c e thak :I;oe::ir’ic
Rhiïobiun strains bave boei, i'ound in experiments at :JIF'rii{- in
tfwaii. In the semi-arid re::t$.cns where thc soi1 s are poor, 'i;Jit:
Vesicular and ArbuscAar
R)‘cGrrhi:Ca (VAPI) zan play an impurtan
roll? in the grouw th of pl;lr:ts
by improving the nutr.it.io,-loi !.!lcrncnts,
spccially phosphorus. Thoi:,
i;ho ondomycorrhi.Za
cciritribute iridi rcctly
ai tlle 3iologicc!l :di Lro!jui-i ;'ixztion, The double .i.nocul~~-vi.(.:;, 3f'
VoandZeia subtcrronca by ;;i.!izo bim and ondomyço~~hi~:a co!.~ltl iro/jrc>vc
tl7 e ;f i f? i. d s i 17 fi c 3. cl .
3
Comparati-Je nutritiona values in '100 g of seed
-
-
-
of Voandzeia subterranea 9
-
-
-
_--
-.
.-GIC
.
.
.
:*
.
species
: Calories IProtein(g)I
---_ -
Lipid (g)iGlucid IA):
-
-
-
.
.
.
_---
-
-
s
.
(1)
;
: Arachis hypogaea
587
473
%4,6
:
24,8
I
I
I
--
.
(2)
i
. Vigna unguicu1at.a
342
I
2 :5 ) 1
i
l,4
:
61,4
I
-
-
.
01:
: Voandzeia subterranea ,
412
I
,7>,(3)i
(37
j
i
7232
--
.
.
.
.
.
u
.
.
. ..y--
-
--
-.
(7) Tropical legumes = Reso~rces for the future (ROSTIII report: - Natiorla7.
Academy of .Scier,ces 2979 -l Washington D.C..)
G 0
cc, t-3 0 E
5 m
cn
2
-aLT
0 7
E-’
t-. i-J t-’
L-3 Y
o- v
.
. L r. c-t
r?- 5
f l
u P C!
13 r.
,-.
‘WI
w
rt-
3 3
-- i _.
,- ..- .
i
--
(-
-J l-
1-1.
-
125 -
Dj. i‘i'CrC;ICO ïJL?thod
11----1----..m.--...-
126 - [;~f~termiriaJcicrl o f 142 f‘ixcti ilsinG
-~-----~-"-----1--------I-----i
L?IEZ ;! nathod (FRIED, I~I. and DRtlEStIF#;T, i- ,, ly?75)
a~B,...--..m."m1-1
ThtZ cstirnüticr: UF tiK4 PJ2 fixaticri rat5 lJil]- L)e doi-io
according to the "A valce" ii;ct!loC using 15 !j.
13 - fomp~i;i.VCnc:sY
:.:Y rihizobium strains ( b y
GUE~& i.].:
-
131 - TJN~?J iztion o f ‘
flucirCsCLnt
ûmib0di.L:;
_---------I-“--__---_II___L______
specif io i ty will bc contra 11~3 I That Will. be done at ORSTOM
laboratory by M. GTEYF: for the two strains. This should takc 2
months.
1.3.2 -. Dc-tecting
‘I -_-- --- Rhizobia in the soi1
-----.“-------^--Y--_-
Millipore îilters membranes label.led wich indi,an ink Will
be used. Soi?. suspension will/\\:attered in a Waring Blender and
floatted by Ca
(OH), - M,gCOj : 2-5 (weight t o Freight), then f i l -
tered o n the membranes, After that > Gelatine-Rhodamine ITC a.nd
fluori:scent antibody will De putted on the membranes.
The fi,?al preparü tion wiil be observed on a fluorescent
microscope.
1.3.3 _I. Detecting Rhizobia in thc nodules
” .-.-. ^-m-w ---.--_------_-..-_--___I_
The nodui.es ~!oll~~~ct~d tr?m thc root systerns of Voandzeia
subterranm a r e w2.shed in sterile w?ter ::nd t h e i r s u r f a c e sterilized
by a 30 s immersion in ethanol 95 %. The nodules are then crushed
with a nterile glass rod in tubes containing 1 ml of sterilc water,
Thon, two or t?:ree draps of thc: Rhi.zr,bium suspension obtained are
-
-
-
spreud on a slidie e Then, rluorescent sntibody is applied on each
dried drap. Aftczr 30 mn of incubati.on in humidi? enciosure at. room
temperat.ure)
thé slide is washed > The final preparntion is observcd
on a fluorescent microscope,
1 . 3 > 4 -- iup;;s-r-qui.red (With astcrisks,:i.nputs
w-w--
tc be paid on. Grant ‘s funds)
1.. 4 ..’ Role of
- - - - endomycorrhiza in Bioloqical Nitrogen
-
, Fixation in Voandzeia subterranea (by GUEYE,M)
- -
The aim of this phase is (i) t o im;>cove t h e Eiological
Nitrogen Fixation and (ii) to study the kinetic of P-uptake In
Voandzeia subterranea inoculated by Glomus mosseae and the most
-
-
-
effective and most corn--71.itive strain of Rhizohium.
1.,4.1 - Mycorrhizal
-
i n f e c t i o
^--------.~---Y--.--..-n
According rify PHILIPS and HAYMAN (? 970) 9 the system of
mycorrhized plants is colored and examincd under a dissecting
microscope for assessment of infection by VAM fungus. A sample of
fies h root system is cleared i n 10% KOH a t 90°C: f o r 1 h^ur. .4fter
rising, the sample is staincd with 0,1X trypar, blue in lactophenol
for 5mn. After rinsi.ng, the root segments are mounted on the bottszrn
of a petri dish and are examined under a disseeting microscope to
check f o r the presence o f ves~cules 2nd arbusc!nles.
1.4.2 .- Imnroving
-.-L-..--.m Biolopical Nitrogen
..w-.,.s--2--,-,,,-,-
Fixation
-------I.w-y
V. subterranea will be cultivaced on sterile soi.1 in pots-
There are many treatments :
R : plant 2, inoculated only with the most effective and the
most ccmpet,itive Hhizobium strain ;
RM : Plants inoculat.ed with (i) the same Rhizobitim and
.-
(ii) Glomus mosseae ;
- -
RF : Plants inoculated wi.th the same Rhizobium receiving
solutble phosphcrus a.t 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm,
\\
There are 2 plants by pot and C; pots by treatment, The
improvcmrnt o f RNF‘ wi:Ll be evnluateà b y ?;hc incrcasc of dry weight;
yield c-lnd total N content,
- a :‘c;urt;h ph?se * the mycorrhizel ?tcti:rity is stabll~.
therc are two treatments :
R f F12nts inoculatrd with thc most efft:ctive 2nd most
cc,mp(?titive strriin Rhizobium
-
- ;
RM : Plants inr:sulat~.d with the same Rhizobium and Glomus
-
mosseae. Al1 plants Will received phosphcrus at low level (10 ppm).
/
i ^
1.4.4 - QQ;ip,Egguired
- - - .-
.- :
- dissecting micr?sc,:jpe.
1,4.-j - T i m e table :
- - - - - - - - - -
Improving RNF
>
April to july 1984
kin?tic c>f P-uptake
1
1.5 -" Fitiid experiments * (by GUYYE, M. 2nd NDIAYE, .tiJI.>
-
-
The purpcse %s :;Q dCterminewethef yield of Voandzeia
subterranea may be increased by ingculating with the most vfféctive
.and czmpetitive strain c:f Rhizcbium 2nd with the endomyccrrhize
Glomus mosseat?. The field experiments will be conducted at Nisrc
(500 'kms from Dakar).
1 r I
î ] " A - FieJd triais
--,=-,,,----
1..5.1*1 "- Inoculum
--...---."-- Ereparation
BM .---.a..--- :
Pe~t is thc support r\\f Rhizobium innculum. The quality g:if
-
-
the inoculum will be controlled.
AlginatC p!‘lyac?gl amide: wil.11 be the support of VAM inoculum
(DIEN et al., 19811,
-
-
3. ,5 11 i 2 - Field
m---e- olotc
k.-,-z desi&n
--..---
:
The fielc! tria1 will be ccnducted as NIFTAL pr-ject fGr
the international nt?tw::rk 3' l?gumc- incculatifin triais.
,. :. ‘,
ïr;ptits rcquirud
? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ?
--------.. ..---..
_ 2 ~2 1 z ( 3 :j CIOC! - : 3 17 il 0 km
4 OU0 lîtrcs
- ,f 2 r rnc nt or
1
- fir2.l.d u,::rks (Piold prcp::C:tior:s,
furtiiizors, sowing, tcmpornr)
l.abi,r(!rs) *
I+!I diys
J f w 0 r k
- fcnccs fi
+
- fi3lcl
:Jilsr?rVc!r,
sûmpling, crzpin +
30 days
0 f WCJlYk
- g?oiyz2:,
- olestic b;!gs $ and p~pcr ba*zs *
1 , ci 0 0
Thc purp;,sc! of this uork ic: (i) to idcni..ify tho main disoasos
i;? Loandzcla subtorranou
2nd (ii) trs dosiqn nuthods f o r controlL7g thc
i! ir, c. 7 s %, I.; , 2t:s2r~~2at;iins
ail.1 bc made Lrn t h o fic.ld ;?xpcrimcnts
( 0 2nd
1 ,5) i:;Lluding.
n- rlis2aso inpgct o n t h c yicld
b- tl;c, study ::f’ approprinto mcrlium f’or thc isolation
t hl! multipiicntion nnd thz prcscrvation :If difforont
discns<; nrgnnisons (loaf func,i, bruchids Etc.)
2,; - 'n~uLs roquirzd :
--WI-..- w--w-
13
,? short tc(;hnicai. bulletin illustrnting tho boncfits 2nd
khr: iJ i ïcctioi-i f o r 1;sc <If thesc inocula Uri11 bc givun to onch user.
14
CL-I
C:
C\\
.
.
i 8’34
., 16 374
-~
^.
.
1
1
44c
:.
1 44G
1 440
.
1
080
;
1 083
.
1 080
3 240
.
2cxl
.
.
.p
.l, 4
rc 0
_.
.
.
7-i =t 0
-7l a- 0
. .
.>
D
i
“Y
-Y--+ 3 8
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
. 1
Cd
ru T-i Ln
zt Lr z
,.
03 a3
u3
0
,
b-
If-\\
if\\
.
.”
!<.
.
20
.
rQ
c--- 3 0
.
.
.
I
I
r3 M c;
.
I l
I
. ‘1 a
,.
.
.
.,
ru
&
,>
,.
10 I 0
r-
u3
s:
t-
ul
h.
. .
UNE
0
\\
. .gzg 000
_,
.
0
.
,.
0
.”
22
Ycar 3
Total
7.000
21 .~Otl
2.333
6.999
1,?50
5.250
2.333
6.999
1.744
5.232
6.000
16.500
2.400
6.600
1.8QO
4.350
6.OOC
.16.500
31 .360
90.030