‘\ DGG/MNG REPUBLIC OF SENEGAL --.m.w------ ...
‘\\
DGG/MNG
REPUBLIC OF SENEGAL
--.m.w------
MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT
DEPARTMENT OF RESEARCH
----------
ON CROP PRODUCTION
SENEGALESE INSTITUTE OF
----3-------------
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
-------m-m
SYNTHESIS OF ?
RESEARCH
ACTIVITIES ON GROLJNDI
PATHOLOGY 1987
.
.;. .:
:Y
Ma~ch 1988
NATIONAL CENTRE OF
AGRONOMICAL RESEARCH, BAMBEiI
- l -
Research activities initia. ied in the year 1986 on groundnut leaf spots
vi.2
resistance screening and chemic
contrôl were continued during 1987 also.
Inaddition some studies on seed mic
associated with seed rot and root
-: :::
rot/seedling infection were carried (
The highlights of the results obtained
are as under.
252 entries which had exhi
ted low leaf spots infection during l@C,
screening were rescreened-at Nioro wher
natural leaf spot infection is very high
due to more p
7.87. The disease symptoms
started appearing in the second week
f August. The disease pressure was quite
sease score were noted
results indicated that no
100 entries showed moderate
o be moderately susceptible
while 25 were susceptible. The moder
ely resistant entries Will be rescreened
during 1988 season.
f the common fungicides for the
:.
‘orop season. The same. experiment
During 1987 the experiment
ioro which is a hot spot
July 8, 1987. The leaf
ust . ,Three. fungicidal
sprays were given on August, 22 f
tember, 29. Final obser-
”
vations on leaf spots incidence were
.87. T h e experiment waa; ’
Untreated plots recorded
na1 observation. The dif-
re highly significant.
he leaf spots, score. kn-
enomyl, Calimix and lastly
Maneb. In 1986 Benomyl had the least
isease followed by Mancozeb. The disease
score of the two varieties’was statis
cally on par indicating,that both the
varieties are $$ually susceptible”to-
‘spots. Thë intePactioQ,amongst,the
varieties andztha ,fungici&s wak obs
to be absent’ indica~ing.. that different
fungicidal treatments had similar e
ct on both the varieties.
The yield differences among
various treatments were highly signi-
ficant. Benomyl 200g ai,/ha had given
e highest yield (376.2 Kg/ha) which was
significantly more than a11 other tre
The difference amongst the average
yields of two varieties was highly si
ificant not because of the treatment
effect but due to difference in the y
Id potential of the two varieties. 73-33
is comparatively long duration variet
than 73-30 and has higher yield potential.
The interaction in between varieties
d the fungicides was observed to be absent
indicating that different fungicidal
eatments had similar effect on both the
varieties.
.:. .
In case of disease score,-
trend was noticed in 1986 alto. However,, ;,;
the yield data obtained during 1986 an
1987 varied considerably. During 1986
:j;.~._’
the yield differences amongst various
reatments were statistically non signi-
ficant while th
ing 1987. The experiment Will be
.:
repeated during 1988 season.
73-33 and 73-30 which is associated
was detected by rolled towel
r sheets previously moistened with
t room temperature.. The sheets were opened
after 10 days and the observations
recorded for seed rot and seedling infection,
10 % seeds of 73-33 were observed to b
infected while 11% infected seeds were
th these infections when observed
under the microscope revealed the pre
nce of Asper illus Sp. (1% 3 Rhizopus Sp.
(5%) Aspergillus + Rhizopus (2%) and
&(2% 1 in case of '/3-371
while in case of 73-30 Rhizopus SP.(
Bacteria (6%).
IV. Survey of grountnut dise t
.‘..
Groundnut leaf spots parti
y leaf spot was wide spread during
‘.“!’
1987 season.;Late leaf spot was quite
Seedling mortality due to
niger and Macrophomina- phaseoli
was less as compared to 11986 season.
e infection of Macrophomina spy
:.;.r.
on the adult plants was wide spread.
n nature but very severe in
.’
the pockets affected. Peanut clump was ery common in the fields around Bambey.
V. Summary :
252 entries which had exhibit d low leaf spots infection during 1986 were
rescreened at Nioro under quite’ high pr ssure ofnatural
.
infection. The results
indicated that no unriety is free or re i s t a n t t o l e a f s p o t s . However,lOO entries
showed moderate resistance.
i
The results of experiment on hemical control of leaf spots revealed that
;::;.
:.:::.
a11 the fungicides were significantly
fective in reducing the leaf spots infec-
:..~
tion. Mancozeb showed the lowest dise
score followed by Benomyl. The increase in
yield due to Benomyl was statisticaly
gnificant but Mancozeb failed to increase
the yield significantly over control.
Seed microflora of 2 varietes JJ& 73-33 and 73-30 which is associated
with seed rot and root rot was detected by rolled towel method. The percentage of
seed and root rots was 10% and 11% in 7 i -33 and 73-30 respectively. The micros-
copie observation of the microflora rev aled the presence of Aspergillus sp Rhizopus
sp and bacteria independently or combin
In the survey of
eases it was noticed that leaf spots par-
*:
ticularly early leaf spot was wide spre d. The infection of Macrophomina sp was
seen throughout the groundnut basin.
was sporadic in nature bu-t &y severe in
the pockets affected.
DGG/MNG
REPUBLIC OF SENEGAL
--.m.w------
MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT
DEPARTMENT OF RESEARCH
----------
ON CROP PRODUCTION
SENEGALESE INSTITUTE OF
----3-------------
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
-------m-m
SYNTHESIS OF ?
RESEARCH
ACTIVITIES ON GROLJNDI
PATHOLOGY 1987
.
.;. .:
:Y
Ma~ch 1988
NATIONAL CENTRE OF
AGRONOMICAL RESEARCH, BAMBEiI
- l -
Research activities initia. ied in the year 1986 on groundnut leaf spots
vi.2
resistance screening and chemic
contrôl were continued during 1987 also.
Inaddition some studies on seed mic
associated with seed rot and root
-: :::
rot/seedling infection were carried (
The highlights of the results obtained
are as under.
252 entries which had exhi
ted low leaf spots infection during l@C,
screening were rescreened-at Nioro wher
natural leaf spot infection is very high
due to more p
7.87. The disease symptoms
started appearing in the second week
f August. The disease pressure was quite
sease score were noted
results indicated that no
100 entries showed moderate
o be moderately susceptible
while 25 were susceptible. The moder
ely resistant entries Will be rescreened
during 1988 season.
f the common fungicides for the
:.
‘orop season. The same. experiment
During 1987 the experiment
ioro which is a hot spot
July 8, 1987. The leaf
ust . ,Three. fungicidal
sprays were given on August, 22 f
tember, 29. Final obser-
”
vations on leaf spots incidence were
.87. T h e experiment waa; ’
Untreated plots recorded
na1 observation. The dif-
re highly significant.
he leaf spots, score. kn-
enomyl, Calimix and lastly
Maneb. In 1986 Benomyl had the least
isease followed by Mancozeb. The disease
score of the two varieties’was statis
cally on par indicating,that both the
varieties are $$ually susceptible”to-
‘spots. Thë intePactioQ,amongst,the
varieties andztha ,fungici&s wak obs
to be absent’ indica~ing.. that different
fungicidal treatments had similar e
ct on both the varieties.
The yield differences among
various treatments were highly signi-
ficant. Benomyl 200g ai,/ha had given
e highest yield (376.2 Kg/ha) which was
significantly more than a11 other tre
The difference amongst the average
yields of two varieties was highly si
ificant not because of the treatment
effect but due to difference in the y
Id potential of the two varieties. 73-33
is comparatively long duration variet
than 73-30 and has higher yield potential.
The interaction in between varieties
d the fungicides was observed to be absent
indicating that different fungicidal
eatments had similar effect on both the
varieties.
.:. .
In case of disease score,-
trend was noticed in 1986 alto. However,, ;,;
the yield data obtained during 1986 an
1987 varied considerably. During 1986
:j;.~._’
the yield differences amongst various
reatments were statistically non signi-
ficant while th
ing 1987. The experiment Will be
.:
repeated during 1988 season.
73-33 and 73-30 which is associated
was detected by rolled towel
r sheets previously moistened with
t room temperature.. The sheets were opened
after 10 days and the observations
recorded for seed rot and seedling infection,
10 % seeds of 73-33 were observed to b
infected while 11% infected seeds were
th these infections when observed
under the microscope revealed the pre
nce of Asper illus Sp. (1% 3 Rhizopus Sp.
(5%) Aspergillus + Rhizopus (2%) and
&(2% 1 in case of '/3-371
while in case of 73-30 Rhizopus SP.(
Bacteria (6%).
IV. Survey of grountnut dise t
.‘..
Groundnut leaf spots parti
y leaf spot was wide spread during
‘.“!’
1987 season.;Late leaf spot was quite
Seedling mortality due to
niger and Macrophomina- phaseoli
was less as compared to 11986 season.
e infection of Macrophomina spy
:.;.r.
on the adult plants was wide spread.
n nature but very severe in
.’
the pockets affected. Peanut clump was ery common in the fields around Bambey.
V. Summary :
252 entries which had exhibit d low leaf spots infection during 1986 were
rescreened at Nioro under quite’ high pr ssure ofnatural
.
infection. The results
indicated that no unriety is free or re i s t a n t t o l e a f s p o t s . However,lOO entries
showed moderate resistance.
i
The results of experiment on hemical control of leaf spots revealed that
;::;.
:.:::.
a11 the fungicides were significantly
fective in reducing the leaf spots infec-
:..~
tion. Mancozeb showed the lowest dise
score followed by Benomyl. The increase in
yield due to Benomyl was statisticaly
gnificant but Mancozeb failed to increase
the yield significantly over control.
Seed microflora of 2 varietes JJ& 73-33 and 73-30 which is associated
with seed rot and root rot was detected by rolled towel method. The percentage of
seed and root rots was 10% and 11% in 7 i -33 and 73-30 respectively. The micros-
copie observation of the microflora rev aled the presence of Aspergillus sp Rhizopus
sp and bacteria independently or combin
In the survey of
eases it was noticed that leaf spots par-
*:
ticularly early leaf spot was wide spre d. The infection of Macrophomina sp was
seen throughout the groundnut basin.
was sporadic in nature bu-t &y severe in
the pockets affected.