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P340-Biologie et biochimie du sol
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Nématologie. Stimulation de l'activité antagoniste de pasteuria penetarns envers Meliogyne incognita par enterobacter cloacae et pseudomonas mendocina ; Beneficial effects cloacae and pseudomonas mendocina biocontrol of meliodogyne incognita with the endospore-forming bacterium pasteuria penetrans [texte imprimé] / Robin Duponnois, Auteur ; Bâ A.M., Auteur ; T. Mateille, Auteur . - Dakar (Sénégal) : ISRA/CNRF, 1999 . - Vol1,n°1,p.95-101, : résum.,fig.,tabl.,réf. Langues : Français ( fre) Anglais ( eng) Catégories : | RESSOURCES NATURELLES ET ENVIRONNEMENT
| Mots-clés : | Enterobacter cloacae, Biocontrole, Meloidogyne incognita, Pasteria penetrans, Pseudomonas mendocina, Endospore, Bacterie rhizopherique, Tomate, Nematode, a galle, Souche bactérienne, Croissance | Index. décimale : | P340-Biologie et biochimie du sol |
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FT0100504 | P340- DUP | Périodique | CNRF | Rayons | Exclu du prêt |
Documents numériques
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/ E. L Dossa ; S. Diedhiou ; J. E. Compton ; K. B Assigbetsé ; Richard P. Dick
Plant soil, N° 327. Spatial patterns of P fractions and chemical properties in soils of two native shrub communities in Senegal [texte imprimé] / E. L Dossa, Auteur ; S. Diedhiou, Auteur ; J. E. Compton, Auteur ; K. B Assigbetsé, Auteur ; Richard P. Dick, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - 14 p. (185–198). Langues : Anglais ( eng) Catégories : | RESSOURCES NATURELLES ET ENVIRONNEMENT
| Mots-clés : | Sol de canopée, Fractions P, Sahel Semi-aride, Arbuste, Piliostigma reticulatum, Guiera senegalensis | Index. décimale : | P340-Biologie et biochimie du sol | Résumé : | Two shrub species (Piliostigma reticulatum (D.C.) Hochst (Caesalpinioideae) and Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel (Combretaceae) are commonly found in farmers’ fields at varying densities in semi-arid Senegal and throughout the Sahel where soils have chronically low phosphorus (P) availability. It seems plausible that shrub litter and the rhizospheres could influence P fractions and other chemical soil properties that affect crop productivity. Thus, a study was done at two sites, on the distribution of inorganic and organic soil P pools, organic C levels, and pH in soil beneath and outside the canopies of P. reticulatum and G. senegalensis (0-30 cm depth). Both sites had low total P ranging from 64 mg P kg−1 to 135 mg P kg-1, and low extractable PO4 (resin Pi) (1–6 mg P kg−1) with P fractions dominated by NaOH-P. Organic P (Po) made up about 50% of total P, and most of the organic P (>60%) was found in the NaOH-P fractions. The labile P, particularly bicarb-Po was higher in soil beneath shrub canopies (8.4 mg P kg −1), than outside the canopy (6.2 mg P kg −1). Similarly, C, N and P to a lesser extent, were more concentrated beneath shrub canopies. P. reticulatum soil was dominated by the NaOH-Po fraction, whereas G. senegalensis had higher bicarb-Po at one of the study sites. An index of biologically available organic P (Bicarb- Po) / (Bicarb-Po+Bicar-Pi+Resin Pi) was >60% and indicates that biological processes represent an important part of P cycling in these shrub ecosystems. The differential ability of shrubs in modifying soil chemical properties under their canopies has major implications for biogeochemical cycling of nutrients and C in sandy soils of semi arid Sahelian ecosystems. |
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CN1800035 | P340-DOS | Publication | CNRA/Bambey | Rayons | Exclu du prêt |
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Soil Science, Vol. 173, No. 10. Phosphorus sorption and desorption in semiarid soils Of Senegal amended with native shrub residues [texte imprimé] / E. L Dossa, Auteur ; J. Baham, Auteur ; Mamadou Khouma, Auteur ; M. Sène, Auteur ; F. Kizito, Auteur ; Richard P. Dick, Auteur . - octobre 2008 . - 14 p. Langues : Anglais ( eng) Catégories : | RESSOURCES NATURELLES ET ENVIRONNEMENT
| Mots-clés : | Résidus organiques, phosphore, sorption, désorption, Guiera senegalensis, Piliostigma reticulatum | Index. décimale : | P340-Biologie et biochimie du sol | Résumé : | Incorporation of organic residues into soils can improve P availability to crops in P-fixing soils. Perennial shrubs are commonly found in farmers’ fields in Senegal, but little is known about their potential to reduce P sorption. Consequently, the residues of the two dominant shrub species, Guiera senegalensis and Piliostigma reticulatum were amended
to soils where each is found, the Dior (Rubic Arenosol) and the Deck/Dior (Mixed Haplic Ferric Lixisol), respectively, and compared with beef manure for P sorption characteristics. Amended soils (2% weight/weight) were incubated at 24 -C for 30 or 75 days. Phosphorus isotherms were constructed using the batch technique, and sorption parameters were derived by fitting the Langmuir and Freundlich equations. All organic amendments decreased P adsorption maxima and affinity constants and increased P in the equilibrium solution (equilibrium P concentration) compared with the control. The amount of P desorbed from soils was greater in amended soils than in unamended soils. Soils
beneath shrub canopy had lower P sorption capacity than soils outside shrub canopy in P. reticulatum–associated soils, which was reversed in G. senegalensis–associated soils. All organic amendments significantly increased soil pH. The longer incubation period of 75 days, over the 30 days, enhanced the effect of organic amendments in reducing soil P
sorption and decreased soil pH. Manure amendments induced the greatest reduction in soil sorption capacity and showed the highest desorption rate. These results indicate that the addition of locally available plant residues to soil at a high rate can reduce P sorption and should be included in nutrient management recommendations of
deficient P-fixing Sahelian soils. |
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CN1800029 | P340-DOS | Publication | CNRA/Bambey | Rayons | Exclu du prêt |
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CN0102937 | P340-GAN | Diplôme | CNRA/Bambey | Rayons | Exclu du prêt |
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