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Auteur Lene Rostgaard Nielsen
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Leaf morphology and stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in Acacia senegal (L.) Wild trees vary with climate at the geographic origin and ploidy level [texte imprimé] / Oulimata Diatta, Auteur ; Erik Dahl Kjær, Auteur ; Adia Madjiguène Diallo, Auteur ; Lene Rostgaard Nielsen, Auteur ; Vlastimil Novak, Auteur ; Diaminatou Sanogo, Auteur ; Kristian Holst Laursen, Auteur ; Anders Ræbild, Auteur . - 2021 . - 18p. : cart ; tab ; ill. ; graph ; photos ; ref. Langues : Anglais ( eng) Catégories : | FORESTERIE
| Mots-clés : | Adaptation of arid zone tree species · Flow cytometry · Isotopes · Leaf morphology · Senegalia senegal | Index. décimale : | K030- Génétique et amélioration des plantes | Résumé : | Key message Leaf morphology, total leaf nitrogen (N) content and carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of Acacia senegal trees vary among ploidy levels and geographic origins. Leaf morphology was significantly correlated with carbon isotope composition (δ13C) among diploid trees, while a significant correlation was observed with nitrogen isotope composition (δ15N) among tetraploid trees. Abstract Leaf morphology and ploidy level can influence plants' ability to adapt to climatic conditions. Here we study Acacia senegal that has multiple ploidy levels and grows across a geographic range of mainly dry environments. We test if and how ploidy level and climate at the site of origin influence leaf shape and ratios of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of A. senegal. The study is based on leaves collected from 225 A. senegal trees representing 16 populations across the species
range, grown in a common garden trial in Senegal. Leaf morphological parameters were measured, and ploidy level, total leaf nitrogen (N), carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) were determined. Three levels of ploidy were found, namely diploid, triploid and tetraploid, but at highly different frequencies among the 16 origins. Leaf morphology varied significantly among both geographic origins and ploidy levels, with especially triploid trees having distinct leaf shapes. Tetraploids displayed high δ13C and low δ15N values compared to diploids. For diploids, leaf length and number of leaflets were correlated with precipitation and latitude, respectively. Leaf morphology and isotopic discrimination in A. senegal vary according to ploidy level and geographic origin. Our analysis suggests that the differences likely reflect adaptation to different environments, but the patterns tend to differ between diploids and tetraploids |
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Variation in phenology of Acacia senegal (L.) Wild. in relation to origin and ploidy level: Implications for climatic adaptation [texte imprimé] / Oulimata Diatta, Auteur ; Adia Madjiguène Diallo, Auteur ; Diaminatou Sanogo, Auteur ; Lene Rostgaard Nielsen, Auteur ; Anders Ræbild, Auteur ; Jon Kehlet Hansen, Auteur . - 2021 . - 15p. : tab ; diagramm ; ref. Langues : Anglais ( eng) Catégories : | FORESTERIE
| Mots-clés : | Flowering Fruiting Genetic variation Leafing Sahel Senegalia senegal | Index. décimale : | K040-Ecologie forestière | Résumé : | long dry seasons. Nevertheless, knowledge on genetic variation and adaptive patterns in phenology in deciduous African dryland species is limited. Here we study the variation in phenology of diploid and polypoid A. senegal trees from rangewide populations growing in a common garden trial in Senegal and test correlations between population phenology and climate at the site of origin. The leafing, flowering and fruiting phenology was monitored during 17 months and compared to detailed observations of the rainfall in the common garden during theperiod. We found that A. senegal trees in general started development of leaves prior to the beginning of the rainy season with flowering and fruiting initiation occurring during the rainy season. The results lead us to conclude that is was not the rain per se that initiated leaf development. We also conclude that phenology in A. senegal is under genetic control, because significantdifferences could be observed among populations and ploidy levels when grown at the same
site. In general, early leaf flushing trees had a longer growing period and performed better in terms of growth at the tested site and the results thus support that leaf phenology influence fitness. We further found that differences among trees in phenology seem to be associated with
differences in climate at their site of origin, because the timing of leaf development in the common garden and the timing of the rainy season at the site of origin was significantly correlated for the diploid trees (not for tetraploids). However, it was diploid trees from sites with a late
arriving rainy season that developed leaves earliest in the year. The environmental cues that control leafing phenology and the associated physiological mechanisms therefore still need to be identified in order to understand how the variation among populations has evolved, its relationship to local adaptation and the implication for smart transfer of seed sources as mean to mitigate changing growing conditions related to global warming |
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