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Détail de l'auteur
Auteur E. Gerardeaux
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur
Affiner la rechercheEuropean Journal of Agronomy, vol.90. Designing cotton ideoypes for the future: reducing risk of crops failure for low input rainfed conditions in Northern Cameroon / Romain Loison
European Journal of Agronomy, vol.90. Designing cotton ideoypes for the future: reducing risk of crops failure for low input rainfed conditions in Northern Cameroon [texte imprimé] / Romain Loison, Auteur ; Alain Audebert, Auteur ; Philippe Debaeke, Auteur ; Gérut Hoogenboom, Auteur ; Louise Leroux, Auteur ; Oumarou Palai, Auteur ; E. Gerardeaux, Auteur . - Amsterdam ((NL)) : Elsevier : Amsterdam ((NL)) : Elsevier, 2017 . - pp. 162-173 ; ill.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES ET PRODUCTIONS VEGETALES Mots-clés : Changement climatique, DSSAT CSM, CROPGRO, Coton, Sécheresse, Rendement potentiel, Périmètre d'expérimentation Index. décimale : F028-Génétique et amélioration des plantes Résumé : Climate change is threatening the ability to grow cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under low input rainfed production areas in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Northern Cameroon, yield has been declining due to unsuitable cropping practices such as sub-optimal planting dates, along with an absence in genetic gain. The aim of this study was to use a cropping system model (DSSAT CSM-CROPGRO-Cotton) to identify the best cultivars (ideotypes) for Northern Cameroon that are adapted to low input rainfed productions systems for 2050 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Calibration and evaluation of the CSM-CROPGRO-Cotton were performed with field observations for two cultivars (Allen Commun and L484). For RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, 50 replications for 2050 were generated based on an ensemble of 17 Global Circulating Models. In total, 3125 virtual cultivars representing existing genetic variability for phenology, morphology and photosynthesis were simulated. Thereafter, they were evaluated for performance under the projected future climate based on potential yield and the resilience of yield to suboptimal planting date. The widely cultivated cultivar L484 will be unsuitable under projected future climate, due to boll opening during the middle of the rainy season (median: 10/09 under RCP4.5 and 12/09 under RCP8.5). None of the ideotypes tested could optimize both yield and resilience (Pearson correlation<−0.82). However, compared to the current cultivar L484, two virtual ideotypes were identified: (a) “Ideo_sub” had a wide planting window, especially in the 10 worst replications of 2050, up to +5 days in RCP8.5; (b) “Ideo_Pot” had a high potential yield trait with low resilience to sub-optimal planting date, in the 10 worst replications of 2050, +530 kg ha−1 in RCP4.5 and +591 kg ha−1 in RCP8.5. Both ideotypes had an earlier anthesis date, a longer reproductive duration, and increase in the maximum photosynthetic rate. Therefore, breeding programs should consider these traits suggested by this system analysis using a crop simulation model for the identification of suitable cultivars under the projected future climate. Exemplaires
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité CT1900021 F028-LOI Article scientifique CRA/Tamba Dépot numérique Exclu du prêt Documents numériques
Cliquer pour pdfURL Experimental Agriculture, vol. 53, n° 2. Sixty years of breeding in Cameroon improved fibre but not seed cotton yield / Romain Loison
Experimental Agriculture, vol. 53, n° 2. Sixty years of breeding in Cameroon improved fibre but not seed cotton yield [texte imprimé] / Romain Loison, Auteur ; Alain Audebert, Auteur ; J.L. Chopart, Auteur ; Philippe Debaeke, Auteur ; Dominique Dessauw, Auteur ; Jean-Paul Gourlot, Auteur ; E. Gozé, Auteur ; Janine Jean, Auteur ; E. Gerardeaux, Auteur . - [S.l.] : Cambridge University Press, 2016 . - pp. 202-209 ; ill.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES ET PRODUCTIONS VEGETALES Mots-clés : Coton, Fibre, Amélioration génétique, Rendement des grains Index. décimale : F028-Génétique et amélioration des plantes Résumé : Seed cotton yield in Northern Cameroon has been declining since the 80s despite breeding efforts. In order to evaluate the impact of genetic improvement on this decline, we conducted field experiments in two locations with 10 widely grown cotton cultivars released in Cameroon between 1950 and 2009. The rate of genetic gain (GG) was estimated with a linear regression of the cultivar mean on its year of release (YR). Contrasts between rates of GG observed with different planting dates were estimated and tested. Our results revealed a rate of GG on fibre yield of 3.3 kg ha−1 year−1 due to increased ginning out-turn (3.9% and 6.2% in 60 years in Garoua and Maroua, respectively). There was no GG on leaf area index (LAI), radiation use efficiency (RUE), aerial biomass, harvest index and on seed cotton yield. We concluded that cotton breeding efforts in Cameroon have successfully improved cotton fibre yield but there is still some room for seed cotton yield improvement. Exemplaires
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité CT1900020 F028-LOI Article scientifique CRA/Tamba Dépot numérique Exclu du prêt Documents numériques
Cliquer pour pdfURL Field crops research, vol.226. Adaptation strategies to climate change using cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) ideotypes in rainfed tropical cropping systems in Sub Saharian Africa. A modeling approch / E. Gerardeaux
Field crops research, vol.226. Adaptation strategies to climate change using cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) ideotypes in rainfed tropical cropping systems in Sub Saharian Africa. A modeling approch [texte imprimé] / E. Gerardeaux, Auteur ; Romain Loison, Auteur ; Oumarou Palai, Auteur ; B Sultan, Auteur . - Amsterdam ((NL)) : Elsevier, 2018 . - pp. 38-47, ill.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES ET PRODUCTIONS VEGETALES Mots-clés : CMS, CROPGRO, Coton, Modélisation des plantes, Idéotype, Cultivar, Date de semis Index. décimale : F300-Génétique et amélioration des plantes Résumé : Developing cultivars with adaptive traits to improve sustainability in the face of climate change is an important option for climate smart agriculture. The CROPGRO-cotton model was calibrated and evaluated at two locations in Cameroon over a period of two years using two planting dates and four contrasted cultivars. The model was used to assess yield gains by modifying plant traits such as specific leaf area, photosynthetic capacity and crop phenology. The ideotype was tested in conventional and conservation agriculture systems and under baseline and future climate conditions. The results revealed that, compared to existing cultivars, the ideotype requires longer to reach maturity and has thicker leaves with good photosynthetic capacity. In 2050 in North Cameroon, climate change will shorten time to maturity and cause a shift in the rainy season but neither change will have an effect on yields. Simulations with an ensemble of climate models revealed that models that assume higher rainfall predicted lower yields, suggesting that N leaching is a more important constraint than drought in North Cameroon. Our results will help cotton breeders select promising new traits to introduce in their cultivars for adaptation to climate changes in Cameroon and to similar sub-Saharan soil, cropping systems and climatic conditions. Exemplaires
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité CT1900018 F300-GER Article scientifique CRA/Tamba Dépot numérique Exclu du prêt Documents numériques
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